Maximox
Generic Name
Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| maximox 400 mg injection | ৳ 250.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Maximox 400 mg Injection is a combination antibiotic containing Amoxicillin, a penicillin-type antibiotic, and Clavulanic Acid, a beta-lactamase inhibitor. It is used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections that are resistant to Amoxicillin alone by overcoming bacterial resistance.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Dosage varies by severity of infection and patient weight. Typically, for moderate to severe infections, 1.2 g (1000 mg Amoxicillin + 200 mg Clavulanic Acid) every 8 hours by slow intravenous injection or infusion. For 400 mg formulation, consult specific product guidelines, often used for pediatric or specific infections. Children: 30 mg/kg/day (based on amoxicillin component) in divided doses.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment usually required, unless there is severe renal impairment. Regular monitoring of renal function is advised.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment is necessary based on creatinine clearance; severe impairment may require reduced dose or extended dosing intervals (e.g., every 12-24 hours).
How to Take
Administered by a healthcare professional as a slow intravenous injection over 3-4 minutes or by intravenous infusion over 30-40 minutes.
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial cell lysis. Clavulanic Acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that binds irreversibly to beta-lactamase enzymes, preventing them from inactivating amoxicillin, thus extending its antibacterial spectrum.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 15-30 minutes
Excretion
Mainly via the kidneys (urine).
Half life
Amoxicillin: approximately 1.0 - 1.5 hours; Clavulanic Acid: approximately 1.0 hour.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed after administration. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved shortly after IV infusion.
Metabolism
Amoxicillin is primarily excreted unchanged; Clavulanic Acid undergoes extensive metabolism.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics
- History of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-associated jaundice or hepatic dysfunction
- Severe renal impairment without dose adjustment
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May prolong prothrombin time and increase the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring of INR is advised.
Allopurinol
Increased risk of skin rash when co-administered with amoxicillin.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity by reducing its renal excretion. Concomitant use should be monitored.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 25°C, protected from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Reconstituted solution should be used immediately or within a specific timeframe (e.g., 4 hours at room temperature or 24 hours at 2-8°C), discard any unused portion.
Overdose
May lead to gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and disturbances in fluid and electrolyte balance. Treatment is supportive; hemodialysis can effectively remove the drug from circulation in cases of severe overdose or renal impairment.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm, but human data is limited. Use only if clearly needed. Small amounts are excreted in breast milk; use with caution as it may lead to sensitization of the infant.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics
- History of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-associated jaundice or hepatic dysfunction
- Severe renal impairment without dose adjustment
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May prolong prothrombin time and increase the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring of INR is advised.
Allopurinol
Increased risk of skin rash when co-administered with amoxicillin.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity by reducing its renal excretion. Concomitant use should be monitored.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 25°C, protected from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Reconstituted solution should be used immediately or within a specific timeframe (e.g., 4 hours at room temperature or 24 hours at 2-8°C), discard any unused portion.
Overdose
May lead to gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and disturbances in fluid and electrolyte balance. Treatment is supportive; hemodialysis can effectively remove the drug from circulation in cases of severe overdose or renal impairment.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm, but human data is limited. Use only if clearly needed. Small amounts are excreted in breast milk; use with caution as it may lead to sensitization of the infant.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24-36 months when stored as recommended in its original packaging.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Expired (Generic available)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid has undergone extensive clinical trials supporting its broad-spectrum efficacy and safety across various bacterial infections. Ongoing research explores optimized dosing regimens and novel applications.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (for prolonged therapy or renal impairment)
- Liver function tests (for prolonged therapy or history of hepatic dysfunction)
- Complete blood count (rarely for long-term use)
Doctor Notes
- Assess patient history for penicillin allergy or any prior hypersensitivity reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics before administration.
- Monitor for signs of superinfection, especially with prolonged use, and initiate appropriate treatment if necessary.
- Adjust dose carefully in patients with renal impairment based on creatinine clearance.
- Educate patients on the importance of completing the full course of therapy to prevent antibiotic resistance.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by your doctor, even if symptoms improve, to prevent resistance.
- Report any unusual side effects or allergic reactions immediately to your healthcare provider.
- Do not share this medicine with others, even if they have similar symptoms.
- Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as remembered. If it is nearly time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose. Consult your doctor.
Driving Precautions
This medicine may cause dizziness or other neurological effects in some patients. Patients should be advised to exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until they know how the medicine affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration during treatment to help with kidney function.
- Avoid alcohol during treatment as it may exacerbate side effects, though direct interactions are minimal.
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