Monaclox-F
Generic Name
Flucloxacillin
Manufacturer
Eskayef Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| monaclox f 250 mg capsule | ৳ 5.50 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Monaclox-F 250 mg Capsule contains Flucloxacillin, a penicillin antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, especially those caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci. It is particularly effective against skin and soft tissue infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Oral: 250-500 mg every 6 hours, usually taken 30-60 minutes before meals. For severe infections, dosage may be increased.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is required unless there is significant renal impairment. Monitor renal function.
Renal_impairment
For creatinine clearance <10 mL/min, reduce dose or extend dosing interval (e.g., 250 mg every 8-12 hours). Consult physician.
How to Take
Take orally with a glass of water, preferably 30-60 minutes before meals on an empty stomach to maximize absorption. Do not crush or chew the capsule.
Mechanism of Action
Flucloxacillin is a bactericidal antibiotic that acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which are involved in the final stages of peptidoglycan synthesis, thereby preventing the cross-linking of peptidoglycan polymers and leading to cell lysis.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 30 minutes to 1 hour (for therapeutic effect).
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys (60-70%) through glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Small amounts are excreted in bile.
Half life
Approximately 0.5-1.5 hours in individuals with normal renal function.
Absorption
Approximately 50-70% absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration, reduced by food. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to flucloxacillin, other penicillins, or any component of the formulation
- History of flucloxacillin-associated jaundice/hepatic dysfunction
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Close monitoring of INR and dose adjustment of warfarin may be necessary.
Probenecid
Prolongs the half-life and increases plasma concentrations of flucloxacillin by reducing its renal tubular secretion.
Methotrexate
May reduce renal excretion of methotrexate, increasing its toxicity. Avoid concomitant use or monitor carefully.
Oral Contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives (though evidence is weak). Advise additional contraceptive methods.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Management is symptomatic and supportive. Fluid and electrolyte balance should be maintained. Hemodialysis is not effective in removing flucloxacillin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Category B. Generally considered safe, but use only if clearly needed after consulting a doctor. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk in small amounts. Use with caution. Monitor breastfed infants for diarrhea or rash.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to flucloxacillin, other penicillins, or any component of the formulation
- History of flucloxacillin-associated jaundice/hepatic dysfunction
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Close monitoring of INR and dose adjustment of warfarin may be necessary.
Probenecid
Prolongs the half-life and increases plasma concentrations of flucloxacillin by reducing its renal tubular secretion.
Methotrexate
May reduce renal excretion of methotrexate, increasing its toxicity. Avoid concomitant use or monitor carefully.
Oral Contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives (though evidence is weak). Advise additional contraceptive methods.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Management is symptomatic and supportive. Fluid and electrolyte balance should be maintained. Hemodialysis is not effective in removing flucloxacillin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Category B. Generally considered safe, but use only if clearly needed after consulting a doctor. Lactation: Excreted in breast milk in small amounts. Use with caution. Monitor breastfed infants for diarrhea or rash.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 to 36 months from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved (DGDA, FDA in some countries)
Patent Status
Expired for generic flucloxacillin
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Flucloxacillin has been extensively studied since its introduction, with numerous clinical trials establishing its efficacy and safety profile in various bacterial infections, particularly those caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (especially for prolonged treatment or in patients with pre-existing liver disease)
- Renal function tests (in patients with renal impairment)
- Complete blood count (for prolonged therapy)
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize strict adherence to dosing schedule and completion of the full course to prevent resistance.
- Advise patients to take on an empty stomach for optimal absorption.
- Be vigilant for signs of hepatic dysfunction, particularly in elderly patients or those on prolonged therapy.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
- Take the medicine on an empty stomach, 30-60 minutes before food.
- Do not share this medicine with others, and do not use it for viral infections.
- Report any severe side effects, especially yellowing of skin/eyes or severe rash.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
This medicine is generally not expected to affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if side effects like dizziness occur, avoid such activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Get adequate rest to aid recovery from infection.
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