Monaclox-F
Generic Name
monaclox-f-500-mg-capsule
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| monaclox f 500 mg capsule | ৳ 10.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Monaclox-F 500 mg Capsule contains Flucloxacillin, which is a beta-lactamase resistant penicillin antibiotic. It is used to treat various bacterial infections, particularly those caused by susceptible Staphylococcus species.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Oral: 250-500 mg every 6 hours, taken 30-60 minutes before meals. For severe infections, doses may be increased to 1 g every 6 hours.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is usually required unless there is severe renal impairment. Careful monitoring is advisable.
Renal_impairment
In severe renal impairment (e.g., creatinine clearance < 10 mL/min), dose reduction (e.g., 250 mg every 8-12 hours) may be necessary to avoid accumulation.
How to Take
Monaclox-F capsules are taken orally. For optimal absorption, it should be administered on an empty stomach, preferably 30-60 minutes before food or 2 hours after food. Swallow the capsule whole with a glass of water.
Mechanism of Action
Flucloxacillin acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which prevents the cross-linking of peptidoglycan chains, leading to cell lysis and bacterial death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of action typically occurs within 30-60 minutes.
Excretion
Primarily excreted by the kidneys (65-80% unchanged) via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Small amounts are excreted in bile.
Half life
The plasma half-life is approximately 0.5-1.5 hours in individuals with normal renal function. It is prolonged in renal impairment.
Absorption
Well absorbed orally, though food significantly reduces absorption. Peak plasma concentrations are reached 1-2 hours after an oral dose.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to penicillin antibiotics, cephalosporins, or any component of the formulation
- History of flucloxacillin-associated jaundice or hepatic dysfunction
- Infectious mononucleosis (due to risk of rash)
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Concurrent use may alter the international normalized ratio (INR) in patients on warfarin, requiring close monitoring and dose adjustment.
Probenecid
Probenecid prolongs the half-life of flucloxacillin by competing for renal tubular secretion, leading to increased and prolonged plasma levels.
Methotrexate
Flucloxacillin may reduce the renal excretion of methotrexate, leading to increased plasma concentrations and potential toxicity.
Live typhoid vaccine
Antibiotics, including flucloxacillin, may reduce the effectiveness of live oral typhoid vaccine. Administer live vaccines at least 24 hours after discontinuing antibiotics.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be initiated. Gastric lavage may be considered in recent ingestions. No specific antidote is available. Hemodialysis may be useful in patients with renal impairment.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. However, use during pregnancy should only be considered if clearly needed and the benefits outweigh the risks. Flucloxacillin is excreted in breast milk in small amounts; use with caution in breastfeeding mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to penicillin antibiotics, cephalosporins, or any component of the formulation
- History of flucloxacillin-associated jaundice or hepatic dysfunction
- Infectious mononucleosis (due to risk of rash)
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Concurrent use may alter the international normalized ratio (INR) in patients on warfarin, requiring close monitoring and dose adjustment.
Probenecid
Probenecid prolongs the half-life of flucloxacillin by competing for renal tubular secretion, leading to increased and prolonged plasma levels.
Methotrexate
Flucloxacillin may reduce the renal excretion of methotrexate, leading to increased plasma concentrations and potential toxicity.
Live typhoid vaccine
Antibiotics, including flucloxacillin, may reduce the effectiveness of live oral typhoid vaccine. Administer live vaccines at least 24 hours after discontinuing antibiotics.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be initiated. Gastric lavage may be considered in recent ingestions. No specific antidote is available. Hemodialysis may be useful in patients with renal impairment.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. However, use during pregnancy should only be considered if clearly needed and the benefits outweigh the risks. Flucloxacillin is excreted in breast milk in small amounts; use with caution in breastfeeding mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture, depending on manufacturer specifications.
Availability
Pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Generic
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Flucloxacillin, as an established antibiotic, has undergone extensive clinical trials and its efficacy and safety profile are well-documented and accepted globally.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (LFTs) should be monitored, especially with prolonged use or in patients with a history of liver disease.
- Renal function tests (e.g., creatinine, BUN) may be necessary in patients with pre-existing kidney impairment.
- Complete blood count (CBC) should be monitored during long-term therapy to check for hematological abnormalities.
Doctor Notes
- Ensure to inquire about any history of penicillin allergy before prescribing Monaclox-F.
- Advise patients on the importance of completing the entire course of treatment to prevent antibiotic resistance.
- Counsel patients regarding the importance of taking the medication on an empty stomach for optimal efficacy.
- Monitor liver function tests in patients on prolonged therapy or those with pre-existing liver conditions.
Patient Guidelines
- Always complete the full course of Monaclox-F as prescribed by your doctor, even if your symptoms improve. Stopping early can lead to recurrence of infection and antibiotic resistance.
- Take the medicine on an empty stomach, at least 30-60 minutes before meals or 2 hours after meals, to ensure optimal absorption.
- Inform your doctor immediately if you experience severe allergic reactions (e.g., swelling of face/throat, difficulty breathing), persistent severe diarrhea, or yellowing of the skin/eyes (jaundice).
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Monaclox-F is not generally known to affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience side effects such as dizziness or confusion, it is advisable to avoid these activities until you feel well.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good personal hygiene, especially hand hygiene, to prevent the spread of infection and reinfection.
- Avoid alcohol consumption during the course of treatment, as it may potentially worsen gastrointestinal side effects or liver strain.
- Ensure adequate hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
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