Moxikem
Generic Name
Moxifloxacin
Manufacturer
Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| moxikem 05 eye drop | ৳ 100.30 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Moxikem contains Moxifloxacin, a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections including respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and intra-abdominal infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
400 mg once daily for 5 to 21 days, depending on the infection type and severity.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment required for elderly patients with normal renal function.
Renal_impairment
No dose adjustment needed for patients with mild to severe renal impairment or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis.
How to Take
Oral tablets can be taken with or without food. IV infusion should be administered slowly over 60 minutes.
Mechanism of Action
Moxifloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, essential enzymes involved in bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to disruption of bacterial DNA and cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1-2 hours for antibacterial action.
Excretion
Excreted renally (about 20%) and hepatobiliary (about 25%) as unchanged drug, and metabolites are excreted via urine and feces.
Half life
Approximately 11-15 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and almost completely absorbed after oral administration; bioavailability is approximately 90%.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver via glucuronide and sulfate conjugation, without involvement of cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to moxifloxacin or other quinolones
- History of QTc prolongation or uncorrected hypokalemia
- History of tendon disorders related to quinolone use
- Children and adolescents (under 18 years)
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
May increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsions.
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture.
Antacids, iron, zinc, sucralfate, didanosine
May reduce absorption of moxifloxacin; administer moxifloxacin several hours before or after these agents.
Drugs that prolong QTc interval (e.g., Class IA and III antiarrhythmics, tricyclic antidepressants, macrolides, antipsychotics)
Increased risk of QTc prolongation.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of acute overdose, gastric emptying (e.g., induced vomiting or gastric lavage) and general supportive measures including ECG monitoring should be initiated. Activated charcoal may reduce systemic absorption.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Not recommended during breastfeeding as it is excreted in breast milk.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to moxifloxacin or other quinolones
- History of QTc prolongation or uncorrected hypokalemia
- History of tendon disorders related to quinolone use
- Children and adolescents (under 18 years)
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
May increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsions.
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture.
Antacids, iron, zinc, sucralfate, didanosine
May reduce absorption of moxifloxacin; administer moxifloxacin several hours before or after these agents.
Drugs that prolong QTc interval (e.g., Class IA and III antiarrhythmics, tricyclic antidepressants, macrolides, antipsychotics)
Increased risk of QTc prolongation.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of acute overdose, gastric emptying (e.g., induced vomiting or gastric lavage) and general supportive measures including ECG monitoring should be initiated. Activated charcoal may reduce systemic absorption.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Not recommended during breastfeeding as it is excreted in breast milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals worldwide
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Off-patent (generic versions available)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin in various bacterial infections, leading to its widespread approval.
Lab Monitoring
- Monitor ECG for QTc prolongation, especially in patients with risk factors. Monitor liver function tests (LFTs) periodically, especially in patients with pre-existing liver conditions.
- Monitor blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients thoroughly on the black box warnings associated with fluoroquinolones, especially regarding tendinitis, tendon rupture, and neurological effects. Discontinue immediately if serious adverse reactions occur.
- Be cautious in patients with known QTc prolongation, uncorrected hypokalemia, or those on concomitant QTc-prolonging drugs.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of medication as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
- Stay well-hydrated.
- Avoid direct sunlight and use sunscreen as moxifloxacin can increase photosensitivity.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered, unless it is almost time for the next dose. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Moxifloxacin may cause dizziness or lightheadedness, affecting the ability to drive or operate machinery. Patients should be aware of how they react to the medication before driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Report any tendon pain, swelling, or inflammation immediately.
- Avoid strenuous exercise during treatment.
- Maintain a balanced diet.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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