Take orally with food to enhance absorption and minimize gastrointestinal upset. Swallow whole; do not crush or chew.

Nitrofurantoin is reduced by bacterial flavoproteins to reactive intermediates that inactivate or damage bacterial ribosomal proteins, DNA, RNA, and other intracellular components. This results in the inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis, DNA/RNA synthesis, and other vital metabolic processes.

• •Hypersensitivity to nitrofurantoin or any component of the formulation.
• •Anuria, oliguria, or significant impairment of renal function (CrCl < 60 mL/min).
• •History of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with prior nitrofurantoin use.
• •Infants younger than one month of age.
• •Pregnant patients at term (38-42 weeks gestation), during labor and delivery, or when the onset of labor is imminent.

Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.

Symptoms of overdose include gastrointestinal disturbances, peripheral neuropathy, and hemolysis in G6PD-deficient individuals. Treatment is supportive; gastric lavage may be useful. Maintain high fluid intake to promote urinary excretion.

Pregnancy Category B. Avoid use at term (38-42 weeks gestation) due to potential risk of hemolytic anemia in the neonate. Excreted in breast milk; use with caution in nursing mothers, especially if infant is G6PD deficient.