Ofran
Generic Name
Ondansetron
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| ofran 4 mg oral solution | ৳ 50.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ondansetron is an antiemetic used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: For moderately emetogenic chemotherapy, 8 mg (10 ml solution) orally twice daily for up to 5 days. Postoperative nausea and vomiting: 16 mg (20 ml solution) as a single oral dose 1 hour prior to anesthesia.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is generally required based solely on age, but consider hepatic function.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment is needed for patients with renal impairment.
How to Take
For oral administration. Can be taken with or without food. Measure the dose carefully using the provided measuring device.
Mechanism of Action
Ondansetron is a selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. It blocks serotonin, both peripherally on vagal afferent nerves and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ).
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Approximately 30 minutes after oral administration.
Excretion
Primarily via urine (about 5-10% as unchanged drug), with a small amount in feces.
Half life
Approximately 3-5 hours in adults, may be prolonged in elderly and hepatic impairment.
Absorption
Rapidly and completely absorbed from the GI tract. Bioavailability is approximately 60% due to first-pass metabolism.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ondansetron or any component of the formulation.
- Concomitant use with apomorphine due to risk of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
Drug Interactions
Tramadol
May reduce the analgesic effect of tramadol.
Apomorphine
Concurrent use with ondansetron is contraindicated due to reports of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
QT-prolonging drugs
Increased risk of QT interval prolongation and Torsade de Pointes when co-administered with other QT-prolonging agents (e.g., antiarrhythmics, antipsychotics).
CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Rifampicin)
May decrease plasma concentrations of ondansetron, potentially reducing efficacy.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include transient visual disturbances, severe constipation, hypotension, and vasovagal episodes. ECG monitoring is recommended due to the risk of QT prolongation. Treatment is supportive and symptomatic; there is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use only if clearly needed after careful risk-benefit assessment. Ondansetron is excreted in human milk; discontinuation of nursing or the drug is advised.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ondansetron or any component of the formulation.
- Concomitant use with apomorphine due to risk of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
Drug Interactions
Tramadol
May reduce the analgesic effect of tramadol.
Apomorphine
Concurrent use with ondansetron is contraindicated due to reports of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
QT-prolonging drugs
Increased risk of QT interval prolongation and Torsade de Pointes when co-administered with other QT-prolonging agents (e.g., antiarrhythmics, antipsychotics).
CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Rifampicin)
May decrease plasma concentrations of ondansetron, potentially reducing efficacy.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include transient visual disturbances, severe constipation, hypotension, and vasovagal episodes. ECG monitoring is recommended due to the risk of QT prolongation. Treatment is supportive and symptomatic; there is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use only if clearly needed after careful risk-benefit assessment. Ondansetron is excreted in human milk; discontinuation of nursing or the drug is advised.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from the manufacturing date, as specified on the packaging.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Generic
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ondansetron has been extensively evaluated in numerous randomized, controlled clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in preventing and treating chemotherapy-induced, radiation-induced, and postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Lab Monitoring
- No routine lab monitoring required.
- ECG monitoring is recommended in patients with underlying cardiac conditions, electrolyte abnormalities, or those taking other QT-prolonging drugs.
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients to immediately report any signs of QT prolongation such as chest pain, palpitations, or syncope.
- Monitor for signs and symptoms of serotonin syndrome if co-administered with other serotonergic agents.
- Ensure proper measuring device is used for oral solution to prevent dosing errors.
Patient Guidelines
- Take Ofran exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking the medicine without consulting your doctor, even if you feel better.
- Report any unusual or severe side effects, especially chest pain or palpitations, to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Ofran may cause dizziness or drowsiness. Patients should exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until they know how the medicine affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid alcohol consumption while taking Ofran, especially if you experience drowsiness or dizziness.
- Maintain adequate hydration, particularly if experiencing nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.
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