Olanza
Generic Name
Olanzapine
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| olanza 5 mg tablet | ৳ 2.55 | ৳ 25.50 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat mental health conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose is typically 5-10 mg once daily, adjusted based on clinical response and tolerability, usually within the range of 10-15 mg/day. Maximum recommended dose is 20 mg/day.
Elderly
A lower starting dose of 5 mg/day may be considered, especially if risk factors for adverse events are present, with gradual titration.
Renal_impairment
No routine dosage adjustment is required, but caution is advised in severe renal impairment. A lower starting dose may be considered.
How to Take
Take orally, once daily, with or without food. It is recommended to take it at the same time each day.
Mechanism of Action
Olanzapine acts as a selective antagonist at dopamine D2 receptors and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, as well as exhibiting antagonism at muscarinic M1, histamine H1, and alpha1-adrenergic receptors.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Clinical effects may be observed within hours to days, with full therapeutic effect developing over several weeks.
Excretion
Approximately 57% of a dose is excreted in the urine and 30% in feces, mainly as metabolites.
Half life
Mean elimination half-life is 21 to 54 hours (average 33 hours), allowing for once-daily dosing.
Absorption
Well absorbed after oral administration, reaching peak plasma concentrations in 5-8 hours. Bioavailability is not affected by food.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily via direct glucuronidation and CYP1A2-mediated oxidation, with minor contribution from CYP2D6.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to Olanzapine or any component of the formulation.
- Patients with narrow-angle glaucoma.
Drug Interactions
CNS Depressants
Increased central nervous system (CNS) depressant effects when co-administered with alcohol or other CNS depressants (e.g., benzodiazepines, opioids).
CYP1A2 Inducers
Carbamazepine and rifampicin (CYP1A2 inducers) can decrease Olanzapine levels. Dosage adjustment of Olanzapine may be necessary.
CYP1A2 Inhibitors
Fluvoxamine (a CYP1A2 inhibitor) can significantly increase Olanzapine levels. Consider a lower starting dose of Olanzapine.
Anticholinergic Agents
May potentiate anticholinergic effects, increasing risk of constipation, dry mouth, and urinary retention.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include somnolence, tachycardia, delirium, convulsions, miosis, respiratory depression, hypotension, and extrapyramidal symptoms. Management is supportive, including maintaining an open airway, oxygenation, and ventilation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Not recommended during breastfeeding as it is excreted in breast milk.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to Olanzapine or any component of the formulation.
- Patients with narrow-angle glaucoma.
Drug Interactions
CNS Depressants
Increased central nervous system (CNS) depressant effects when co-administered with alcohol or other CNS depressants (e.g., benzodiazepines, opioids).
CYP1A2 Inducers
Carbamazepine and rifampicin (CYP1A2 inducers) can decrease Olanzapine levels. Dosage adjustment of Olanzapine may be necessary.
CYP1A2 Inhibitors
Fluvoxamine (a CYP1A2 inhibitor) can significantly increase Olanzapine levels. Consider a lower starting dose of Olanzapine.
Anticholinergic Agents
May potentiate anticholinergic effects, increasing risk of constipation, dry mouth, and urinary retention.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include somnolence, tachycardia, delirium, convulsions, miosis, respiratory depression, hypotension, and extrapyramidal symptoms. Management is supportive, including maintaining an open airway, oxygenation, and ventilation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Not recommended during breastfeeding as it is excreted in breast milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture when stored under recommended conditions.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by FDA/DGDA
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated Olanzapine's efficacy in treating schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, leading to its widespread approval and use. Post-marketing surveillance continues to monitor its long-term safety.
Lab Monitoring
- Fasting glucose and lipid profile (before treatment and periodically during treatment).
- Weight and BMI (regularly).
- Liver function tests (periodically).
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) (if clinically indicated).
Doctor Notes
- Monitor patients for signs of metabolic syndrome (weight, glucose, lipids) before and during treatment.
- Educate patients on the risk of tardive dyskinesia and advise to report any involuntary movements.
- Advise gradual withdrawal to minimize rebound psychosis or withdrawal symptoms.
- Caution in patients with a history of seizures or conditions that could lower the seizure threshold.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking Olanzapine suddenly, as this can lead to withdrawal symptoms.
- Monitor your weight and blood sugar regularly as advised by your doctor.
- Avoid alcohol while taking this medication.
- Report any unusual or severe side effects to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Olanzapine may cause drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision, especially at the start of treatment. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how this medication affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy diet to manage weight gain, a common side effect.
- Engage in regular physical activity.
- Avoid smoking, as it can affect Olanzapine metabolism.
- Stay hydrated.
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