Oleanz
Generic Name
Olanzapine
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| oleanz 5 mg tablet | ৳ 2.55 | ৳ 25.50 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic medication used to treat symptoms of schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder (manic or mixed episodes, and maintenance therapy). It helps to restore the balance of certain natural substances in the brain.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Schizophrenia: Initially 5-10 mg once daily, target dose 10 mg/day. Bipolar I Disorder: Initially 10-15 mg once daily. Max 20 mg/day.
Elderly
A lower starting dose, e.g., 5 mg once daily, is recommended.
Renal_impairment
No routine dosage adjustment is required based on degree of renal impairment, but caution is advised.
How to Take
Take orally once daily, with or without food. It is recommended to take the tablet at the same time each day.
Mechanism of Action
Olanzapine acts as an antagonist at multiple receptors, including dopamine D2, serotonin 5-HT2A, histamine H1, and muscarinic M1-M5 receptors. This multifaceted receptor binding profile contributes to its broad antipsychotic and mood-stabilizing effects.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Clinical improvement typically begins within the first week of treatment, with full effects developing over several weeks.
Excretion
Approximately 57% of the dose is excreted in the urine and 30% in the feces, mainly as metabolites.
Half life
The elimination half-life averages 33 hours (range 21-54 hours).
Absorption
Well absorbed orally, achieving peak plasma concentrations in approximately 5-8 hours. Bioavailability is not affected by food.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily via direct glucuronidation and cytochrome P450-mediated oxidation (CYP1A2 and CYP2D6).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to olanzapine or any component of the formulation.
- Known angle-closure glaucoma (due to potential for mydriasis).
Drug Interactions
Antihypertensives
May enhance the hypotensive effects.
Alcohol, CNS depressants
May enhance the sedative effects of olanzapine.
Fluvoxamine (CYP1A2 inhibitor)
Increases olanzapine plasma levels, requiring potential dose reduction.
Dopamine agonists (e.g., levodopa)
May be antagonized by olanzapine.
Carbamazepine, Rifampicin (CYP1A2 inducers)
May decrease olanzapine plasma levels, potentially requiring dose increase.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include drowsiness, blurred vision, fast heartbeat, severe dizziness, agitation, aggression, dysarthria, various extrapyramidal symptoms, and decreased consciousness. Management is symptomatic and supportive, including maintaining airway, oxygenation, and ventilation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Not recommended during breastfeeding as olanzapine is excreted in breast milk.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to olanzapine or any component of the formulation.
- Known angle-closure glaucoma (due to potential for mydriasis).
Drug Interactions
Antihypertensives
May enhance the hypotensive effects.
Alcohol, CNS depressants
May enhance the sedative effects of olanzapine.
Fluvoxamine (CYP1A2 inhibitor)
Increases olanzapine plasma levels, requiring potential dose reduction.
Dopamine agonists (e.g., levodopa)
May be antagonized by olanzapine.
Carbamazepine, Rifampicin (CYP1A2 inducers)
May decrease olanzapine plasma levels, potentially requiring dose increase.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include drowsiness, blurred vision, fast heartbeat, severe dizziness, agitation, aggression, dysarthria, various extrapyramidal symptoms, and decreased consciousness. Management is symptomatic and supportive, including maintaining airway, oxygenation, and ventilation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Not recommended during breastfeeding as olanzapine is excreted in breast milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Olanzapine has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar I disorder, and associated conditions. These trials have shown significant improvements in symptom scores and relapse prevention.
Lab Monitoring
- Fasting blood glucose (at baseline, 4-6 weeks after initiation, then annually)
- Lipid profile (at baseline, 12 weeks after initiation, then annually)
- Weight (at baseline, weekly for first month, then monthly)
- Liver function tests (periodically, especially in patients with hepatic impairment)
Doctor Notes
- Regularly monitor metabolic parameters (weight, glucose, lipids) in all patients.
- Educate patients and caregivers about the symptoms of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) and Tardive Dyskinesia (TD).
- Consider lower starting doses and slower titration for elderly or debilitated patients.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor and do not stop suddenly.
- Report any new or worsening side effects to your doctor.
- Avoid alcohol while taking this medication.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double dose.
Driving Precautions
Olanzapine may cause drowsiness or dizziness, especially at the start of treatment. Patients should be cautioned about operating hazardous machinery, including automobiles, until they are reasonably certain that olanzapine therapy does not affect them adversely.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy and balanced diet to manage potential weight gain.
- Engage in regular physical activity.
- Monitor blood sugar and cholesterol levels as advised by your doctor.
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