Oncodex
Generic Name
Ondansetron
Manufacturer
Acme Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| oncodex 8 mg injection | ৳ 25.17 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Oncodex 8 mg Injection contains Ondansetron, an antiemetic used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. It works by blocking serotonin, a natural substance in the body that can trigger the vomiting reflex.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For highly emetogenic chemotherapy: 8 mg intravenously immediately before chemotherapy, followed by 8 mg 8-12 hours later. For moderately emetogenic chemotherapy: 8 mg intravenously before chemotherapy. For postoperative nausea and vomiting: 4 mg intravenously immediately before induction of anesthesia, or postoperatively.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is generally required for elderly patients with normal hepatic function. However, for patients over 75 years of age, initial IV dose should not exceed 16 mg.
Renal_impairment
No dose adjustment is necessary for patients with renal impairment.
How to Take
Administer intravenously, usually diluted in 50-100 mL of 5% Dextrose or 0.9% Sodium Chloride, over 15 minutes. It can also be given undiluted over at least 30 seconds, preferably over 2-5 minutes, directly into a vein or through an intravenous infusion line.
Mechanism of Action
Ondansetron is a selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. Serotonin 5-HT3 receptors are located peripherally on vagal nerve terminals and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ). Chemotherapy and radiation induce serotonin release from enterochromaffin cells in the gut, which then activates these 5-HT3 receptors, initiating the vomiting reflex. Ondansetron blocks this action.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 30 minutes (intravenous)
Excretion
Mainly via urine (about 50-70% as metabolites) and a smaller proportion excreted in feces.
Half life
Approximately 3-5.5 hours in adults, longer in patients with hepatic impairment and elderly.
Absorption
After intravenous administration, ondansetron is rapidly distributed. Oral absorption is complete but undergoes first-pass metabolism.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes, primarily CYP3A4, CYP2D6, and CYP1A2. Hydroxylation followed by glucuronide or sulfate conjugation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to ondansetron or any component of the formulation.
- •Concomitant use of apomorphine due to the risk of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
Drug Interactions
Tramadol
May reduce the analgesic effect of tramadol; increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
Apomorphine
Concomitant use is contraindicated due to reports of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
QT-prolonging drugs (e.g., Amiodarone, Chlorpromazine)
Increased risk of QT prolongation and Torsade de Pointes.
CYP3A4 Inducers (e.g., Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Rifampicin)
May decrease plasma concentrations of ondansetron, potentially reducing efficacy.
Storage
Store below 30°C (86°F). Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptoms may include severe constipation, hypotension, and transient vision loss. ECG changes consistent with QT prolongation and Torsade de Pointes have been observed. Treatment should be symptomatic and supportive, including ECG monitoring.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Ondansetron is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture, depending on the manufacturer.
Availability
Hospitals, retail pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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