Osetron
Generic Name
Ondansetron 4 mg oral solution
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| osetron 4 mg oral solution | ৳ 50.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ondansetron is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV): 8 mg orally 30 minutes before chemotherapy, then 8 mg every 8 hours for 1-2 days. Radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: 8 mg orally 1-2 hours before radiotherapy, then 8 mg every 8 hours for 1-2 days. Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV): 16 mg orally 1 hour before anesthesia, or 8 mg orally before anesthesia followed by another 8 mg 8 hours later.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment for elderly patients based on age alone, but monitor for QT prolongation.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment needed for patients with renal impairment.
How to Take
Administer orally, with or without food. Measure dose accurately using a measuring spoon or oral syringe.
Mechanism of Action
Ondansetron selectively blocks 5-HT3 receptors located both peripherally on vagal nerve terminals and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone, thereby preventing the emetic reflex.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
30 minutes to 2 hours (oral)
Excretion
Mainly excreted in urine (approximately 50-70% as metabolites) and feces (approximately 5% as unchanged drug).
Half life
Approximately 3-5 hours in adults, longer in elderly and hepatic impairment.
Absorption
Rapidly and extensively absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; undergoes first-pass metabolism. Bioavailability is about 60%.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4 enzymes, followed by glucuronidation and sulfation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ondansetron or any component of the formulation.
- Concomitant use with apomorphine due to risk of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
Drug Interactions
Tramadol
May reduce the analgesic effect of tramadol; monitor for reduced efficacy.
Apomorphine
Concurrent use may cause profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
QT prolonging drugs
Increased risk of QT prolongation and Torsade de Pointes (e.g., antiarrhythmics, some antipsychotics).
Storage
Store at room temperature (20°C-25°C). Protect from light and moisture. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms include visual disturbances, severe constipation, hypotension, and vasovagal episodes with transient AV block. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in animals, caution advised during breastfeeding.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ondansetron or any component of the formulation.
- Concomitant use with apomorphine due to risk of profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
Drug Interactions
Tramadol
May reduce the analgesic effect of tramadol; monitor for reduced efficacy.
Apomorphine
Concurrent use may cause profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
QT prolonging drugs
Increased risk of QT prolongation and Torsade de Pointes (e.g., antiarrhythmics, some antipsychotics).
Storage
Store at room temperature (20°C-25°C). Protect from light and moisture. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms include visual disturbances, severe constipation, hypotension, and vasovagal episodes with transient AV block. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in animals, caution advised during breastfeeding.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24-36 months from manufacturing date
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals, clinics
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of ondansetron in preventing CINV, RINV, and PONV.
Lab Monitoring
- ECG monitoring (for patients with cardiac risk factors, electrolyte abnormalities, or concomitant use of QT-prolonging drugs).
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients about potential for QT prolongation, especially with pre-existing cardiac conditions or concomitant medications.
- Instruct patients on proper measurement of oral solution dosage.
- Monitor for signs of serotonin syndrome if used with other serotonergic drugs.
Patient Guidelines
- Take as directed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking without consulting your doctor.
- Report any severe side effects immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose.
Driving Precautions
Ondansetron may cause dizziness or fatigue. Avoid driving or operating machinery if you experience these effects.
Lifestyle Advice
- Stay hydrated, especially during chemotherapy.
- Avoid alcohol, as it can worsen nausea.
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