Prioxim
Generic Name
Cefixime 100 mg Suspension
Manufacturer
Acme Laboratories Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| prioxim 100 mg suspension | ৳ 145.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Prioxim 100 mg Suspension is an oral third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic containing Cefixime. It is primarily used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections in children, including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, ear infections, and pharyngitis.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Not typically used for adults as a 100 mg suspension. For other forms, adult dosage is 200-400 mg daily.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is required for elderly patients unless they have severe renal impairment (Creatinine Clearance < 60 mL/min).
Children
General recommended dose is 8 mg/kg/day administered as a single dose or in two divided doses (4 mg/kg every 12 hours) for 5-10 days, depending on the infection. Maximum dose 400 mg/day.
Renal_impairment
For creatinine clearance 21-60 mL/min, the dose should be reduced by 50%. For creatinine clearance < 20 mL/min, the dose should be reduced by 75%.
How to Take
Administer orally, with or without food. Shake the bottle well before each use to ensure uniform suspension. Use the provided measuring cup or spoon for accurate dosing. Reconstitute with boiled and cooled water as directed by the manufacturer.
Mechanism of Action
Cefixime exerts its bactericidal effect by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It selectively binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which prevents the cross-linking of peptidoglycan chains, leading to cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Peak plasma concentrations are typically achieved within 2-6 hours after oral administration.
Excretion
Primarily excreted by the kidneys (approximately 50% of an orally administered dose is excreted unchanged in the urine within 24 hours), and some biliary excretion.
Half life
The plasma elimination half-life is usually 3-4 hours, which may be prolonged in patients with renal impairment.
Absorption
Approximately 40-50% of an oral dose is absorbed. Food may delay the rate of absorption but does not significantly affect the extent of absorption.
Metabolism
Cefixime is not extensively metabolized in the body. The majority of the absorbed dose is excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to Cefixime or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylaxis) to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics due to potential cross-reactivity.
Drug Interactions
Nifedipine
May increase the absorption of cefixime.
Probenecid
Increases peak plasma concentrations and AUC of cefixime by decreasing its renal excretion.
Carbamazepine
Elevated carbamazepine levels have been reported when co-administered with cefixime, potentially leading to toxicity. Monitor carbamazepine levels.
Warfarin and other anticoagulants
Concurrent administration may increase prothrombin time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR), potentially increasing the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring of coagulation parameters is recommended.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 30°C in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. After reconstitution, store at room temperature (20-25°C) for 7 days or refrigerated (2-8°C) for 14 days. Do not freeze.
Overdose
In case of overdose, general supportive measures are recommended. Gastric lavage may be indicated. Cefixime is not removed in significant quantities by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefixime is excreted in small amounts in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to Cefixime or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylaxis) to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics due to potential cross-reactivity.
Drug Interactions
Nifedipine
May increase the absorption of cefixime.
Probenecid
Increases peak plasma concentrations and AUC of cefixime by decreasing its renal excretion.
Carbamazepine
Elevated carbamazepine levels have been reported when co-administered with cefixime, potentially leading to toxicity. Monitor carbamazepine levels.
Warfarin and other anticoagulants
Concurrent administration may increase prothrombin time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR), potentially increasing the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring of coagulation parameters is recommended.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 30°C in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. After reconstitution, store at room temperature (20-25°C) for 7 days or refrigerated (2-8°C) for 14 days. Do not freeze.
Overdose
In case of overdose, general supportive measures are recommended. Gastric lavage may be indicated. Cefixime is not removed in significant quantities by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefixime is excreted in small amounts in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 months from the manufacturing date for the dry powder. Once reconstituted, it should be used within 7 days if stored at room temperature or within 14 days if refrigerated.
Availability
Pharmacies and Hospitals in Bangladesh
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA (Bangladesh)
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cefixime has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in treating various bacterial infections. Ongoing post-marketing surveillance and studies continue to monitor its long-term effects and potential new indications.
Lab Monitoring
- Periodic assessment of renal function (e.g., creatinine clearance) in patients with impaired renal function.
- Monitoring of coagulation parameters (e.g., PT/INR) if co-administered with anticoagulants.
- Complete blood count (CBC) and liver function tests may be considered during prolonged therapy.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of completing the full course of antibiotics, even if the child feels better, to prevent bacterial resistance.
- Advise parents/guardians on proper reconstitution technique (if dry powder) and the use of the provided measuring device.
- Counsel on potential side effects, particularly diarrhea, and when to seek medical attention (e.g., severe or bloody diarrhea).
- Check for a history of hypersensitivity to penicillin or cephalosporins before prescribing.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the entire course of medication as prescribed by your doctor, even if symptoms improve or disappear quickly, to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.
- Shake the bottle of suspension well before each use to ensure the medicine is evenly mixed.
- Use the provided measuring cup or spoon for accurate dosing to avoid under or over-dosing.
- Do not save unused medication for future infections.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Cefixime may cause side effects like dizziness or headache in some individuals, which could impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. Patients should be advised to exercise caution until they know how the medication affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
- If diarrhea occurs, ensure adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration.
- Avoid self-medicating for colds, flu, or viral infections as antibiotics are not effective against viruses.
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