Proflox
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| proflox 500 mg tablet | ৳ 14.00 | ৳ 140.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Proflox 500 mg Tablet contains Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, bone and joint infections, and certain gastrointestinal infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical adult dosage is 500 mg twice daily for 7-14 days, depending on the type and severity of infection. For uncomplicated UTIs, 250 mg twice daily for 3 days may be prescribed. For gonorrhea, a single dose of 500 mg is often used.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment based solely on age, but renal function should be assessed, and dose adjusted accordingly.
Renal_impairment
CrCl 30-60 mL/min: Max 1000 mg/day (e.g., 500 mg once or twice daily). CrCl < 30 mL/min: Max 500 mg/day (e.g., 250 mg twice daily or 500 mg once daily).
How to Take
Take the tablet orally with a glass of water, with or without food. Do not chew or crush the tablet. Avoid taking with dairy products, calcium-fortified juices, or antacids containing magnesium or aluminum as they can reduce absorption. Take iron/zinc supplements or multivitamins at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after Ciprofloxacin.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, essential enzymes involved in bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to disruption of bacterial DNA and ultimately bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Clinical effects typically observed within 1-2 hours for susceptible infections.
Excretion
Primarily via urine (renal) as unchanged drug (40-50%) and metabolites (15%). Some fecal excretion (20-35%).
Half life
The elimination half-life is 3-5 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the GI tract. Bioavailability is approximately 70-80%. Peak plasma concentrations occur 1-2 hours post-dose.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver to four less active metabolites (desethyleneciprofloxacin, sulfociprofloxacin, oxociprofloxacin, and formylciprofloxacin).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to Ciprofloxacin or other quinolones
- •Concomitant administration with Tizanidine (due to risk of hypotension and somnolence)
- •History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with quinolone use
- •Children and adolescents (due to risk of arthropathy, unless benefits outweigh risks in severe infections like complicated UTIs, cystic fibrosis exacerbations)
Drug Interactions
Caffeine
May decrease caffeine clearance and increase its half-life, leading to increased caffeine effects.
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, requiring INR monitoring.
Tizanidine
Concomitant use is contraindicated due to increased risk of hypotension and somnolence.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate plasma concentrations, leading to increased toxicity.
Theophylline
May increase plasma concentrations of theophylline, leading to toxicity; monitor theophylline levels.
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture.
Antacids (Mg/Al), Sucralfate, Iron/Zinc supplements
Can significantly reduce Ciprofloxacin absorption; administer Ciprofloxacin at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after these agents.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, gastric emptying (e.g., induced vomiting or gastric lavage) and activated charcoal may be considered. Maintain adequate hydration. Symptomatic and supportive treatment should be given, and renal function monitored.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Ciprofloxacin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is excreted in human milk; therefore, it is generally not recommended for use during lactation due to the potential for serious adverse reactions in the infant.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies
Patent Status
Patent expired (Generic available)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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