Pulmicort
Generic Name
Budesonide
Manufacturer
AstraZeneca
Country
Sweden
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| pulmicort 100 mcg nasal spray | ৳ 250.75 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Pulmicort is a corticosteroid medication used to prevent and control asthma symptoms and to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and croup. It works by reducing inflammation in the airways.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Asthma: 0.5 mg to 2 mg once or twice daily, adjusted based on response. COPD: 2 mg twice daily. Croup: 2 mg single dose.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment generally required, but monitor for adverse effects.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment recommended.
How to Take
For nebulizer suspension, administer via a jet nebulizer with a mouthpiece or face mask. For DPI, inhale orally as directed. Rinse mouth after use to minimize oral candidiasis risk.
Mechanism of Action
Budesonide, an inhaled corticosteroid, works by potent glucocorticoid activity. It reduces inflammation in the airways by decreasing the release of inflammatory mediators, inhibiting the migration of inflammatory cells, and suppressing the immune response, leading to bronchodilation and reduced airway hyperresponsiveness.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Therapeutic effects generally seen within 24 hours, maximal effect after 1-2 weeks.
Excretion
Excreted via urine and feces as metabolites.
Half life
Approximately 2-3 hours.
Absorption
Systemic bioavailability is approximately 10-15% after inhalation due to high first-pass metabolism in the liver.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized by CYP3A4 in the liver to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Primary treatment of status asthmaticus or other acute episodes of asthma where intensive measures are required
- Hypersensitivity to budesonide or any component of the formulation
Drug Interactions
Ketoconazole, Itraconazole, Ritonavir, Atazanavir
May increase plasma concentrations of budesonide, potentially leading to systemic corticosteroid effects. Concomitant use should be avoided or carefully monitored.
Storage
Store at room temperature (20°C to 25°C), away from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Acute overdose is unlikely to cause serious problems. Chronic overdose may lead to systemic corticosteroid effects (e.g., adrenal suppression). Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Budesonide is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy; however, consult a doctor. Excreted in breast milk in small amounts; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, but monitor the infant.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Primary treatment of status asthmaticus or other acute episodes of asthma where intensive measures are required
- Hypersensitivity to budesonide or any component of the formulation
Drug Interactions
Ketoconazole, Itraconazole, Ritonavir, Atazanavir
May increase plasma concentrations of budesonide, potentially leading to systemic corticosteroid effects. Concomitant use should be avoided or carefully monitored.
Storage
Store at room temperature (20°C to 25°C), away from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Acute overdose is unlikely to cause serious problems. Chronic overdose may lead to systemic corticosteroid effects (e.g., adrenal suppression). Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Budesonide is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy; however, consult a doctor. Excreted in breast milk in small amounts; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, but monitor the infant.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years, as indicated on the packaging. Once opened (ampoule/foil pouch), specific in-use stability applies.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
FDA Approved
Patent Status
Patent expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of budesonide in the treatment of asthma and COPD across various age groups.
Lab Monitoring
- Monitor growth in children
- Bone mineral density (long-term use)
- Adrenal function (if systemic absorption is a concern)
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize proper inhaler technique to optimize drug delivery and minimize side effects.
- Counsel patients on the importance of regular use for maintenance and not for acute relief.
- Monitor for systemic corticosteroid effects, particularly in children and with high doses.
Patient Guidelines
- Use regularly as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
- Rinse mouth thoroughly with water after each use to prevent oral thrush.
- Do not stop the medication suddenly without consulting your doctor.
- Learn proper inhaler technique.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Pulmicort is not expected to affect the ability to drive or operate machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid known asthma triggers (e.g., dust, pollen, smoke).
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise and a balanced diet.
- Quit smoking.
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