Rofecin
Generic Name
Cefotaxime Sodium
Manufacturer
Example Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.
Country
Global
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| rofecin 500 mg injection | ৳ 220.66 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Rofecin 500 mg Injection contains Cefotaxime Sodium, a broad-spectrum third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. It is effective against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual adult dose is 500 mg to 1 g every 8 to 12 hours. For severe infections, the dose may be increased up to 2 g every 6 to 8 hours (maximum 12 g/day).
Elderly
Similar to adult dosage, but dose adjustment may be necessary in elderly patients with reduced renal function.
Renal_impairment
Dosage should be reduced in patients with significant renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 20 mL/min). A common recommendation is 500 mg to 1 g every 12 to 24 hours.
How to Take
Administer by deep intramuscular injection or by slow intravenous injection over 3-5 minutes, or by intravenous infusion over 20-60 minutes. The reconstituted solution should be used immediately.
Mechanism of Action
Cefotaxime inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bactericidal action.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid onset of action, typically within minutes after intravenous administration.
Excretion
Mainly excreted unchanged and as its active metabolite via the kidneys (glomerular filtration and tubular secretion).
Half life
Approximately 1 to 1.5 hours in adults with normal renal function.
Absorption
Rapid and complete absorption after intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) administration. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved shortly after administration.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver to desacetylcefotaxime, an active metabolite with antibacterial activity.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefotaxime or other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases plasma concentrations and prolongs the half-life of cefotaxime by reducing renal tubular secretion.
Aminoglycosides
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity when administered concomitantly.
Oral Anticoagulants
May potentiate the anticoagulant effect, requiring closer monitoring of coagulation parameters.
Loop Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Storage
Store the powder below 30°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze. Reconstituted solutions should be used immediately or stored according to manufacturer guidelines if stable for a short period.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include convulsions, encephalopathy (especially in patients with renal impairment), and neuromuscular excitability. Management is symptomatic and supportive, and hemodialysis may be considered in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Cefotaxime crosses the placenta but generally considered safe for use during pregnancy when clearly needed. Small amounts are excreted in breast milk; use with caution during lactation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefotaxime or other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases plasma concentrations and prolongs the half-life of cefotaxime by reducing renal tubular secretion.
Aminoglycosides
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity when administered concomitantly.
Oral Anticoagulants
May potentiate the anticoagulant effect, requiring closer monitoring of coagulation parameters.
Loop Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Storage
Store the powder below 30°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze. Reconstituted solutions should be used immediately or stored according to manufacturer guidelines if stable for a short period.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include convulsions, encephalopathy (especially in patients with renal impairment), and neuromuscular excitability. Management is symptomatic and supportive, and hemodialysis may be considered in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Cefotaxime crosses the placenta but generally considered safe for use during pregnancy when clearly needed. Small amounts are excreted in breast milk; use with caution during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2-3 years for un-reconstituted powder when stored correctly. Reconstituted solutions should be used immediately.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved (Generic)
Patent Status
Generic available, patent expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cefotaxime has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials since its introduction, demonstrating its efficacy and safety profile across various bacterial infections.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine) during prolonged therapy or in patients with renal impairment.
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase) occasionally.
- Complete blood count (CBC) for prolonged therapy.
Doctor Notes
- Always conduct susceptibility testing to confirm bacterial sensitivity before initiating treatment, especially for severe or resistant infections.
- Adjust dosage in patients with renal impairment to avoid accumulation and toxicity.
- Monitor for signs of superinfection during prolonged therapy.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of antibiotic treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
- Report any severe side effects or allergic reactions to your doctor immediately.
- Do not share this medicine with others, even if they have similar symptoms.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Cefotaxime may cause dizziness or confusion in some individuals. Patients should be cautioned about driving or operating machinery if they experience these effects.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain adequate hydration by drinking plenty of fluids during the course of treatment.
- Avoid alcohol consumption during antibiotic therapy as it may worsen some side effects.
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