Rymin
Generic Name
Rifampicin
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| rymin 10 mg syrup | ৳ 45.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Rifampicin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic primarily used in the treatment of various mycobacterial infections, most notably tuberculosis and leprosy. It is also used to prevent meningitis in people exposed to certain bacterial infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For Tuberculosis: 10 mg/kg orally once daily or 600 mg once daily (if body weight <50 kg, 450 mg once daily).
Elderly
Similar to adults, but monitor liver function due to potential age-related decline in hepatic function.
Renal_impairment
No dose adjustment is usually required as it is primarily excreted through bile.
How to Take
Take orally, preferably on an empty stomach (1 hour before or 2 hours after meals) for optimal absorption. May be taken with food if gastrointestinal upset occurs.
Mechanism of Action
Rifampicin works by inhibiting bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, thereby preventing RNA synthesis and bacterial protein formation. This leads to the death of the bacterial cells.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid
Excretion
Mainly through bile and feces, with a small portion excreted in urine.
Half life
2-5 hours; half-life decreases with repeated dosing due to autoinduction of hepatic enzymes.
Absorption
Well absorbed orally, but absorption is reduced by food. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved 2-4 hours after administration.
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic, undergoes deacetylation to an active metabolite. Induces its own metabolism and that of many other drugs via cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to rifamycins or any component of the formulation.
- Active liver disease or severe hepatic impairment.
- Concomitant use with certain HIV protease inhibitors (e.g., saquinavir, ritonavir-boosted saquinavir).
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Decreased anticoagulant effect due to enzyme induction, leading to potential blood clots. Monitor INR closely.
Corticosteroids
Increased metabolism and reduced therapeutic effect of corticosteroids.
Oral Hypoglycemics
Reduced efficacy of blood glucose-lowering drugs; monitor blood glucose.
Oral Contraceptives
Reduced efficacy, leading to unplanned pregnancy. Advise alternative birth control methods.
HIV Protease Inhibitors
Significantly decreased plasma concentrations, leading to virologic failure.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, lethargy, headache, and progressive hepatic dysfunction, potentially leading to unconsciousness. Characteristic orange-red discoloration of skin, urine, sweat, saliva, and tears also occurs. Management is supportive and symptomatic, including gastric lavage and activated charcoal. Dialysis may be considered in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Rifampicin is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother. Consult a doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to rifamycins or any component of the formulation.
- Active liver disease or severe hepatic impairment.
- Concomitant use with certain HIV protease inhibitors (e.g., saquinavir, ritonavir-boosted saquinavir).
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Decreased anticoagulant effect due to enzyme induction, leading to potential blood clots. Monitor INR closely.
Corticosteroids
Increased metabolism and reduced therapeutic effect of corticosteroids.
Oral Hypoglycemics
Reduced efficacy of blood glucose-lowering drugs; monitor blood glucose.
Oral Contraceptives
Reduced efficacy, leading to unplanned pregnancy. Advise alternative birth control methods.
HIV Protease Inhibitors
Significantly decreased plasma concentrations, leading to virologic failure.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, lethargy, headache, and progressive hepatic dysfunction, potentially leading to unconsciousness. Characteristic orange-red discoloration of skin, urine, sweat, saliva, and tears also occurs. Management is supportive and symptomatic, including gastric lavage and activated charcoal. Dialysis may be considered in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Rifampicin is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother. Consult a doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the date of manufacture
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA and international regulatory bodies
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Rifampicin has been extensively studied in clinical trials for tuberculosis treatment since its introduction. Ongoing trials often focus on new regimens, drug resistance, and combination therapies.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST, bilirubin) at baseline and periodically during treatment.
- Complete blood count (CBC) with platelet count.
- Renal function tests (creatinine, BUN) if clinically indicated.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize patient adherence to the full course of therapy to prevent resistance.
- Monitor liver function tests (LFTs) regularly, especially at baseline and during the initial weeks of treatment.
- Educate patients about significant drug-drug interactions and body fluid discoloration.
- Advise women using hormonal contraceptives to use alternative birth control methods.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor, without missing doses.
- Do not stop taking the medicine even if you feel better; complete the full course to prevent drug resistance.
- Be aware that your urine, sweat, tears, and saliva may turn an orange-red color, which is normal.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking due to potential drug interactions.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Rifampicin may rarely cause dizziness, fatigue, or visual disturbances. Patients should exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until they know how the drug affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid alcohol consumption while taking rifampicin to reduce the risk of liver damage.
- Maintain adequate hydration.
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