sb-losak
Generic Name
Losartan Potassium
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| sb losak 50 mg tablet | ৳ 8.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Losartan Potassium is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and to protect the kidneys from damage due to diabetes in patients with type 2 diabetes and a history of hypertension. It is also used to lower the risk of stroke in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For hypertension: The usual starting dose is 50 mg once daily. The dose can be increased to 100 mg once daily if needed. For diabetic nephropathy: The usual starting dose is 50 mg once daily, adjusted up to 100 mg once daily based on blood pressure response.
Elderly
No initial dose adjustment is generally required for elderly patients, although a starting dose of 25 mg once daily may be considered for some.
Renal_impairment
No initial dose adjustment is generally required for patients with mild to moderate renal impairment. For severe renal impairment or patients on dialysis, a lower starting dose (e.g., 25 mg once daily) may be considered.
How to Take
sb-losak tablets can be taken orally with or without food, preferably at the same time each day.
Mechanism of Action
Losartan selectively blocks the binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor found in many tissues, including vascular smooth muscle and the adrenal gland. This action inhibits the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation, reduced blood pressure, and decreased sodium and water retention.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of antihypertensive effect within 6 hours, full effect within 3-6 weeks.
Excretion
Excreted in the urine (approximately 35%) and feces (approximately 60%) as unchanged drug and metabolites.
Half life
Losartan: approximately 2 hours; Active metabolite (E-3174): 6-9 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Peak plasma concentration (Cmax) reached in 1 hour (Losartan) and 3-4 hours (active metabolite). Bioavailability is approximately 33%.
Metabolism
Undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP2C9 and CYP3A4) to an active carboxylic acid metabolite (E-3174) and several inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Losartan or any component of the tablet.
- Pregnancy (especially during the second and third trimesters).
- Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes or renal impairment (GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m²).
Drug Interactions
Lithium
Increased serum lithium concentrations and toxicity have been reported.
Diuretics and other antihypertensive agents
May enhance the hypotensive effect.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
May reduce the antihypertensive effect and increase the risk of renal impairment.
Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride) or potassium supplements
May lead to increased serum potassium levels (hyperkalemia).
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
The most likely manifestation of overdose is hypotension and tachycardia; bradycardia could occur from parasympathetic stimulation. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. If ingestion is recent, induce emesis or perform gastric lavage. Administer activated charcoal.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Losartan is contraindicated during pregnancy due to the risk of fetal injury and death, especially in the second and third trimesters. It is not recommended during breastfeeding as it is unknown whether Losartan is excreted in human milk.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Losartan or any component of the tablet.
- Pregnancy (especially during the second and third trimesters).
- Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes or renal impairment (GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m²).
Drug Interactions
Lithium
Increased serum lithium concentrations and toxicity have been reported.
Diuretics and other antihypertensive agents
May enhance the hypotensive effect.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
May reduce the antihypertensive effect and increase the risk of renal impairment.
Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride) or potassium supplements
May lead to increased serum potassium levels (hyperkalemia).
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
The most likely manifestation of overdose is hypotension and tachycardia; bradycardia could occur from parasympathetic stimulation. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. If ingestion is recent, induce emesis or perform gastric lavage. Administer activated charcoal.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Losartan is contraindicated during pregnancy due to the risk of fetal injury and death, especially in the second and third trimesters. It is not recommended during breastfeeding as it is unknown whether Losartan is excreted in human milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 36 months from the date of manufacture when stored under recommended conditions.
Availability
Pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA, Bangladesh
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Losartan has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in managing hypertension, reducing cardiovascular events, and protecting against diabetic nephropathy. Key trials include the LIFE study (Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension) and the RENAAL study (Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan).
Lab Monitoring
- Regular monitoring of blood pressure.
- Monitoring of renal function (serum creatinine, BUN) periodically, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or those also taking diuretics/NSAIDs.
- Monitoring of serum potassium levels, especially in patients with renal impairment, heart failure, or those taking potassium-sparing diuretics or potassium supplements.
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients on the importance of adherence to therapy and regular blood pressure monitoring.
- Counsel patients about the risks of hyperkalemia, especially with concomitant use of potassium-sparing diuretics or potassium supplements.
- Emphasize the contraindication in pregnancy and the need for effective contraception in women of childbearing potential.
- Monitor renal function and electrolytes periodically.
Patient Guidelines
- Take your medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor, even if you feel well.
- Do not stop taking sb-losak without consulting your doctor, as this may cause your blood pressure to rise.
- Report any unusual swelling of your face, lips, or throat to your doctor immediately.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
sb-losak may cause dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when starting treatment or increasing the dose. If you experience these symptoms, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Adopt a healthy lifestyle including a balanced diet low in sodium and saturated fats.
- Engage in regular physical activity as advised by your doctor.
- Limit alcohol intake and avoid smoking to better manage your blood pressure.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
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