Seemaxyl
Generic Name
Cephalexin
Manufacturer
Acme Laboratories Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| seemaxyl 250 mg capsule | ৳ 3.60 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Seemaxyl 250 mg Capsule contains Cephalexin, a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections including respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissue, bone and joint infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
250 mg to 500 mg every 6 hours, or 500 mg every 12 hours, up to a maximum of 4 g/day depending on infection severity.
Elderly
Dosage should be adjusted based on renal function due to age-related decline in kidney function.
Renal_impairment
Dosage reduction required; for CrCl 10-40 mL/min, 250 mg every 8-12 hours; for CrCl <10 mL/min, 250 mg every 12-24 hours.
How to Take
Take the capsule orally with a full glass of water. It can be taken with or without food. Taking it with food may help reduce gastrointestinal upset.
Mechanism of Action
Cephalexin is a bactericidal antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Approximately 1 hour.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine (over 90%) by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
Half life
Approximately 0.5-1.2 hours in adults with normal renal function.
Absorption
Rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Minimally metabolized (less than 15%).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cephalexin or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reactions to any beta-lactam antibiotic (e.g., penicillin).
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Increased anticoagulant effect of warfarin has been reported. Monitor INR closely.
Metformin
Cephalexin may increase metformin concentrations, potentially increasing the risk of lactic acidosis. Monitor blood glucose.
Probenecid
May decrease the renal excretion of cephalexin, leading to increased and prolonged serum concentrations.
Oral Contraceptives
May rarely reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. Advise additional contraceptive methods.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, diarrhea, and hematuria. Treatment is primarily supportive. Hemodialysis may be useful in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Generally considered safe for use during pregnancy if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in small amounts; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, but monitor infant for potential adverse effects like diarrhea or candidiasis.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cephalexin or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reactions to any beta-lactam antibiotic (e.g., penicillin).
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Increased anticoagulant effect of warfarin has been reported. Monitor INR closely.
Metformin
Cephalexin may increase metformin concentrations, potentially increasing the risk of lactic acidosis. Monitor blood glucose.
Probenecid
May decrease the renal excretion of cephalexin, leading to increased and prolonged serum concentrations.
Oral Contraceptives
May rarely reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. Advise additional contraceptive methods.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, diarrhea, and hematuria. Treatment is primarily supportive. Hemodialysis may be useful in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Generally considered safe for use during pregnancy if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in small amounts; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, but monitor infant for potential adverse effects like diarrhea or candidiasis.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the date of manufacture, specific details are on the packaging.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved (Generic)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cephalexin has been extensively studied in clinical trials since its introduction, demonstrating efficacy and safety for indicated bacterial infections across various patient populations.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (e.g., serum creatinine, BUN) especially in elderly or renally impaired patients.
- Complete blood count (CBC) during prolonged therapy.
- Liver function tests (LFTs) if abnormalities are suspected or with prolonged use.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of completing the full course of antibiotics to prevent resistance and recurrence.
- Assess renal function in elderly patients and those with known renal impairment to adjust dosage accordingly.
- Be vigilant for signs of hypersensitivity reactions, especially in patients with a history of penicillin allergy due to potential cross-reactivity.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by your doctor, even if symptoms improve.
- Do not share this medicine with others, even if they have similar symptoms.
- Report any severe or persistent side effects, or signs of allergic reaction, to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Cephalexin generally does not impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or headache, avoid these activities until you feel well.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to help prevent the spread of infection and reinfection.
- Stay well hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids, especially if experiencing diarrhea.
- Avoid alcohol if it causes stomach upset, although direct interactions are not significant.
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