Sephar
Generic Name
Cephradine
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| sephar 500 mg capsule | ৳ 12.50 | ৳ 75.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Sephar 500 mg Capsule is an antibiotic belonging to the cephalosporin group, used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
250 mg to 500 mg every 6 hours, or 500 mg to 1 g every 12 hours, depending on the severity and type of infection. Max 4g/day.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment generally needed unless severe renal impairment.
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment required based on creatinine clearance. For CrCl 50-20 mL/min, 250-500 mg every 8-12 hours; CrCl 19-5 mL/min, 250 mg every 12-24 hours; CrCl <5 mL/min, 250 mg every 36-48 hours.
How to Take
Take orally with a glass of water, with or without food. Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by the doctor, even if symptoms improve.
Mechanism of Action
Cephradine is a bactericidal antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). This disrupts the peptidoglycan layer, leading to cell lysis and bacterial death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1-2 hours.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys, through glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
Half life
Approximately 0.7-2 hours, prolonged in renal impairment.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Not significantly metabolized.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cephradine or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Decreases renal tubular secretion of cephradine, leading to increased and prolonged plasma concentrations of cephradine.
Aminoglycosides
Concomitant use with nephrotoxic drugs like aminoglycosides may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, though less commonly associated with first-generation cephalosporins.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May enhance the anticoagulant effect, increasing the risk of bleeding.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and rarely, convulsions, especially in patients with renal impairment. Treatment is largely supportive; hemodialysis may be beneficial in severe cases, particularly in patients with impaired renal function.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cephradine is excreted in breast milk in small amounts; use with caution in breastfeeding mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cephradine or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Decreases renal tubular secretion of cephradine, leading to increased and prolonged plasma concentrations of cephradine.
Aminoglycosides
Concomitant use with nephrotoxic drugs like aminoglycosides may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, though less commonly associated with first-generation cephalosporins.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May enhance the anticoagulant effect, increasing the risk of bleeding.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and rarely, convulsions, especially in patients with renal impairment. Treatment is largely supportive; hemodialysis may be beneficial in severe cases, particularly in patients with impaired renal function.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cephradine is excreted in breast milk in small amounts; use with caution in breastfeeding mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years, refer to packaging.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensively studied and clinically established antibiotic. Further specific trial data might be available in scientific databases.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (BUN, creatinine) in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or during prolonged high-dose therapy.
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST) periodically, although transient increases are usually not clinically significant.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) if prolonged therapy.
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients on completing the full course to prevent resistance.
- Be mindful of potential cross-reactivity in penicillin-allergic patients, though generally lower for first-generation cephalosporins.
- Adjust dose in renal impairment.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking the medicine even if you feel better, as this can lead to antibiotic resistance.
- Inform your doctor if you experience any severe or persistent side effects.
- Avoid sharing this medication with others.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Sephar 500 mg Capsule generally does not affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or fatigue, avoid these activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration.
- Avoid alcohol during the treatment course if it aggravates gastrointestinal side effects.
- Follow a healthy diet.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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