Sporin
Generic Name
Cephalexin
Manufacturer
Example Pharmaceutical Company Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| sporin 500 mg capsule | ৳ 12.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cephalexin is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual adult dose is 250 mg to 1 g every 6-12 hours, depending on the severity and type of infection. For Sporin 500 mg capsule, typical dose is 500 mg every 12 hours or 500 mg every 6 hours.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment for elderly patients with normal renal function. Dosage should be adjusted based on renal function if impaired.
Renal_impairment
Dosage reduction is necessary in patients with significantly impaired renal function. Consult a physician for specific dosing.
How to Take
Take orally with a full glass of water, with or without food. Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed.
Mechanism of Action
Cephalexin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to cell lysis and bacterial death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Peak plasma concentrations reached within 1 hour after oral administration.
Excretion
Excreted rapidly by the kidneys, primarily by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
Half life
Approximately 0.5 to 1.2 hours in adults with normal renal function.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; absorption is not significantly affected by food.
Metabolism
Minimal metabolism; primarily excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cephalexin or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylaxis) to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, requiring INR monitoring.
Metformin
May increase metformin plasma levels, requiring monitoring for metformin-related adverse effects.
Probenecid
May decrease the renal clearance of cephalexin, leading to increased and prolonged cephalexin levels.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, diarrhea, and hematuria. Management involves general supportive care, including gastric lavage or activated charcoal if ingestion is recent. Hemodialysis may be used in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in small amounts; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, but caution is advised.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cephalexin or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylaxis) to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, requiring INR monitoring.
Metformin
May increase metformin plasma levels, requiring monitoring for metformin-related adverse effects.
Probenecid
May decrease the renal clearance of cephalexin, leading to increased and prolonged cephalexin levels.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, diarrhea, and hematuria. Management involves general supportive care, including gastric lavage or activated charcoal if ingestion is recent. Hemodialysis may be used in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in small amounts; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, but caution is advised.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture, depending on storage conditions and formulation.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities worldwide
Patent Status
Off-patent (Generic available)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensively studied and validated in numerous clinical trials since its introduction for the treatment of various bacterial infections.
Lab Monitoring
- Periodic monitoring of renal function may be advisable during prolonged therapy, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of completing the full course to prevent resistance.
- Advise patients on potential gastrointestinal side effects and management.
- Inquire about penicillin allergies prior to prescription.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the entire course of medication, even if symptoms improve, to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.
- Do not share this medication with others.
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and direct light.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Cephalexin may cause dizziness in some individuals. Patients should be advised to exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until they know how the medication affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent spread of infection.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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