Temozar
Generic Name
Temozolomide
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| temozar 100 mg capsule | ৳ 600.00 | ৳ 4,200.00 |
| temozar 250 mg capsule | ৳ 1,250.00 | ৳ 8,750.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Temozar (Temozolomide) is an oral alkylating agent used for certain brain cancers, specifically newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme and refractory anaplastic astrocytoma.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Highly individualized based on Body Surface Area (BSA) and treatment regimen. E.g., 75 mg/m² daily for 42 days with radiotherapy, then 150-200 mg/m² for 5 days every 28 days.
Elderly
Similar to adults, but close monitoring for myelosuppression is essential.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment recommended for mild-moderate renal impairment, but caution is advised.
How to Take
Take orally on an empty stomach (at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after food) to reduce nausea/vomiting. Swallow capsules whole with water; do not open, chew, or crush.
Mechanism of Action
It is an imidazotetrazine derivative, a prodrug that is rapidly converted to its active metabolite, MTIC (5-(3-methyltriazen-1-yl)imidazole-4-carboxamide), which is a cytotoxic alkylating agent. MTIC methylates DNA, primarily at O6 of guanine, leading to DNA damage and apoptosis.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Not immediate, depends on cell cycle disruption.
Excretion
Primarily renal (approximately 38% of dose excreted in urine over 7 days, with 5% as unchanged drug).
Half life
Approximately 1.8 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and completely absorbed orally. Peak plasma concentration within 1 hour.
Metabolism
Spontaneous chemical conversion to MTIC at physiological pH, then further metabolized. Minimal hepatic metabolism.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to temozolomide or dacarbazine.
- Severe myelosuppression.
Drug Interactions
0
Valproic acid: Decreases oral clearance of temozolomide by about 5%, but not considered clinically significant.
1
Other myelosuppressive agents: May increase the risk and severity of bone marrow suppression.
Storage
Store at room temperature (20-25°C), protect from light and moisture.
Overdose
Myelosuppression is the dose-limiting toxicity. Management is supportive, including blood transfusions and growth factors as needed.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D. Can cause fetal harm; avoid use. It is unknown if temozolomide is excreted in human milk; discontinue nursing due to potential for serious adverse reactions.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to temozolomide or dacarbazine.
- Severe myelosuppression.
Drug Interactions
0
Valproic acid: Decreases oral clearance of temozolomide by about 5%, but not considered clinically significant.
1
Other myelosuppressive agents: May increase the risk and severity of bone marrow suppression.
Storage
Store at room temperature (20-25°C), protect from light and moisture.
Overdose
Myelosuppression is the dose-limiting toxicity. Management is supportive, including blood transfusions and growth factors as needed.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D. Can cause fetal harm; avoid use. It is unknown if temozolomide is excreted in human milk; discontinue nursing due to potential for serious adverse reactions.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Shelf Life
Generally 2-3 years, refer to specific product labeling.
Availability
Available in pharmacies worldwide and in Bangladesh
Approval Status
FDA approved (USA), DGDA approved (Bangladesh)
Patent Status
Patent expired, Generic versions available
Clinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of temozolomide in glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete Blood Counts (CBC) with platelets (before, weekly during treatment, and on Days 22 and 29 of each cycle).
- Liver function tests periodically.
Doctor Notes
- Monitor Complete Blood Counts (CBC) closely, especially platelet and neutrophil counts.
- Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is recommended during concomitant treatment with radiotherapy.
Patient Guidelines
- Take on an empty stomach to minimize nausea and vomiting.
- Swallow capsules whole with water; do not open, chew, or crush.
- Report any signs of infection, bleeding, or unusual bruising immediately.
- Adhere strictly to the prescribed dosage and schedule.
- Regular blood tests are crucial for monitoring side effects.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, skip it and take the next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to compensate for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
May cause fatigue and dizziness; caution advised when driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to reduce infection risk.
- Manage nausea/vomiting with antiemetics as prescribed.
- Stay well-hydrated.
- Avoid activities requiring mental alertness if experiencing fatigue or dizziness.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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