Tinabil
Generic Name
Ornidazole
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| tinabil 125 mg oral solution | ৳ 140.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Tinabil 125 mg Oral Solution contains Ornidazole, an antibiotic used to treat various bacterial and parasitic infections. It is effective against anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoa.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Dosage varies by indication. For amoebiasis: typically 500 mg twice daily for 5-10 days. For giardiasis: 1-1.5 g once daily for 1-2 days. For trichomoniasis: 1.5 g as a single dose or 500 mg twice daily for 5 days. For surgical prophylaxis: 1 g pre-operatively followed by 500 mg every 12 hours for 3-5 days. Consult physician for specific dosage.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment typically required, but monitor renal function. Consult physician.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment may be necessary in severe renal impairment. Consult physician.
How to Take
Administer orally. Can be taken with or after food to minimize gastrointestinal upset. Shake the solution well before use. Use a measuring cup or spoon provided for accurate dosing.
Mechanism of Action
Ornidazole is a nitroimidazole derivative. It enters bacterial/protozoal cells and undergoes reduction of its nitro group. The reduced form produces reactive cytotoxic free radicals that damage DNA, inhibit protein synthesis, and ultimately lead to cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Peak plasma concentrations reached within 2 hours.
Excretion
Primarily excreted via kidneys (60-70%) and some via feces (20-25%).
Half life
Approximately 12-14 hours.
Absorption
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; bioavailability is high.
Metabolism
Mainly metabolized in the liver, primarily via oxidation and hydroxylation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ornidazole or other nitroimidazole derivatives
- First trimester of pregnancy (relative contraindication, generally avoided)
- History of blood dyscrasias
- Active central nervous system disorders
Drug Interactions
Alcohol
Avoid alcohol during treatment and for at least 3 days after, due to potential disulfiram-like reaction (nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, flushing).
Lithium
May increase serum lithium levels, requiring monitoring.
Warfarin
May enhance anticoagulant effects of warfarin, requiring dose adjustment and INR monitoring.
Disulfiram
Avoid concurrent use due to risk of psychotic reactions.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include convulsions, peripheral neuropathy, and nausea. Management is supportive and symptomatic; there is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C (for Ornidazole in general). Use during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, should be avoided unless clearly necessary and benefits outweigh risks. Ornidazole is excreted in breast milk; breastfeeding should be temporarily discontinued during treatment and for 24-48 hours after the last dose.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ornidazole or other nitroimidazole derivatives
- First trimester of pregnancy (relative contraindication, generally avoided)
- History of blood dyscrasias
- Active central nervous system disorders
Drug Interactions
Alcohol
Avoid alcohol during treatment and for at least 3 days after, due to potential disulfiram-like reaction (nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, flushing).
Lithium
May increase serum lithium levels, requiring monitoring.
Warfarin
May enhance anticoagulant effects of warfarin, requiring dose adjustment and INR monitoring.
Disulfiram
Avoid concurrent use due to risk of psychotic reactions.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include convulsions, peripheral neuropathy, and nausea. Management is supportive and symptomatic; there is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C (for Ornidazole in general). Use during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, should be avoided unless clearly necessary and benefits outweigh risks. Ornidazole is excreted in breast milk; breastfeeding should be temporarily discontinued during treatment and for 24-48 hours after the last dose.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 months (unopened). Once opened, use within a specified period (e.g., 28 days).
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA/FDA (country specific)
Patent Status
Generic available
Clinical Trials
Ornidazole has been evaluated in numerous clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in various parasitic and anaerobic bacterial infections. Further trials may explore new indications or formulations.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) for prolonged therapy
- Liver function tests (LFTs) periodically, especially in patients with hepatic impairment
- INR monitoring if co-administered with warfarin
Doctor Notes
- Consider liver and renal function in elderly patients or those with pre-existing conditions.
- Educate patients on the importance of completing the full course and avoiding alcohol.
- Monitor for neurological adverse effects, particularly with long-term treatment.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
- Do not stop taking this medicine without consulting your doctor.
- Avoid alcohol during treatment and for at least 3 days after.
- Report any unusual or severe side effects to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
May cause dizziness or vertigo. Patients should be advised to assess their response to the drug before driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent reinfection, especially for parasitic infections.
- Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated, particularly if experiencing diarrhea or vomiting.
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