Tiniril
Generic Name
Betahistine
Manufacturer
Renata Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| tiniril 16 mg tablet | ৳ 5.00 | ৳ 50.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Betahistine is primarily used to treat the symptoms of Meniere's disease, such as vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss. It works by improving blood flow to the inner ear.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual adult dose is 8-16 mg three times daily, preferably with meals. Doses exceeding 48 mg per day are not recommended.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is generally required for elderly patients. Use with caution in those with pre-existing conditions.
Renal_impairment
Use with caution. Specific dosage adjustment guidelines are not available, but monitoring of renal function is advisable.
How to Take
Take orally, preferably with meals to minimize gastrointestinal discomfort. Do not chew or crush the tablet; swallow whole with water.
Mechanism of Action
Betahistine acts as a weak H1-receptor agonist and a potent H3-receptor antagonist in the central and peripheral nervous systems. This action is believed to improve microcirculation in the inner ear and reduce endolymphatic pressure, thereby alleviating Meniere's disease symptoms.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Symptomatic relief may take several weeks to become apparent. Maximum benefit may be seen after several months of treatment.
Excretion
Excreted mainly in the urine as 2-PAA and its conjugates.
Half life
The elimination half-life of 2-pyridylacetic acid (the main metabolite) is approximately 3-4 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Peak plasma concentrations are reached approximately 1 hour after oral administration.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized, primarily to 2-pyridylacetic acid (2-PAA) via oxidative deamination.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to betahistine or any component of the tablet
- Pheochromocytoma (a rare tumor of the adrenal gland)
Drug Interactions
Antihistamines
May reduce the therapeutic effect of betahistine. Concurrent use should be avoided or monitored closely.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
MAOIs may increase the exposure to betahistine by inhibiting its metabolism. Caution is advised.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, drowsiness, and convulsions at very high doses. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive; there is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Limited data on betahistine use in pregnant women. Should only be used if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Lactation: It is unknown whether betahistine is excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when administering betahistine to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to betahistine or any component of the tablet
- Pheochromocytoma (a rare tumor of the adrenal gland)
Drug Interactions
Antihistamines
May reduce the therapeutic effect of betahistine. Concurrent use should be avoided or monitored closely.
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
MAOIs may increase the exposure to betahistine by inhibiting its metabolism. Caution is advised.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, drowsiness, and convulsions at very high doses. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive; there is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Limited data on betahistine use in pregnant women. Should only be used if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Lactation: It is unknown whether betahistine is excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when administering betahistine to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 months from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities
Patent Status
Off-patent
Clinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of betahistine in the management of Meniere's disease and vestibular vertigo. Studies often focus on reducing the frequency and severity of vertigo attacks and improving associated symptoms like tinnitus.
Lab Monitoring
- Routine lab monitoring is generally not required for patients on betahistine. Periodic assessment of clinical symptoms is recommended.
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients on the importance of consistent medication use for optimal results.
- Advise patients that initial improvement may be slow, and patience is key.
- Remind patients to report any exacerbation of asthma or peptic ulcer symptoms.
Patient Guidelines
- Take this medicine regularly as prescribed by your doctor, even if your symptoms improve.
- Do not stop taking it suddenly without consulting your doctor.
- Inform your doctor if you have asthma, peptic ulcer, or pheochromocytoma.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Betahistine may cause dizziness or drowsiness in some individuals, particularly at the beginning of treatment. Patients should be advised to exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until they know how the medicine affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a low-salt diet, and avoid excessive caffeine and alcohol intake, which can exacerbate Meniere's symptoms.
- Manage stress levels through relaxation techniques.
- Avoid sudden head movements that may trigger vertigo episodes.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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