Tridol
Generic Name
Tramadol Hydrochloride
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| tridol 50 mg capsule | ৳ 7.50 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Tridol 50 mg Capsule contains Tramadol Hydrochloride, a centrally acting synthetic opioid analgesic used to manage moderate to severe pain. It works by binding to mu-opioid receptors and inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initially 50 mg to 100 mg orally every 4-6 hours as needed for pain, not exceeding 400 mg/day. Dosing should be individualized.
Elderly
For patients over 75 years, maximum dose usually 300 mg/day in divided doses. Consider extended dosing intervals.
Renal_impairment
For creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min, 50 mg every 12 hours. Not recommended for patients with end-stage renal disease unless medically supervised.
How to Take
Oral administration. Can be taken with or without food. Swallow capsule whole; do not crush or chew.
Mechanism of Action
Tramadol acts as a weak agonist at mu-opioid receptors. It also inhibits the neuronal reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, which contributes to its analgesic effects. These actions modulate the descending pain inhibitory pathways in the spinal cord.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Analgesic effect typically begins within 1 hour.
Excretion
Mainly renal (about 90% as metabolites, 10% as unchanged drug). Faecal excretion is minor.
Half life
Approximately 6-7 hours for tramadol and 7-9 hours for O-desmethyltramadol (active metabolite).
Absorption
Rapid and nearly complete oral absorption; absolute bioavailability is about 75% after a single dose and increases with multiple dosing (up to 90%). Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 2 hours.
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic via CYP2D6 (to active M1 metabolite) and CYP3A4, and also by glucuronidation and sulfation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Acute intoxication with alcohol, hypnotics, centrally acting analgesics, opioids, or psychotropic drugs
- Patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 14 days of discontinuing them
- Epilepsy not controlled by treatment
- Severe respiratory depression
Drug Interactions
MAOIs
Risk of serotonin syndrome and opioid toxicity.
Warfarin
Increased INR, bleeding risk.
SSRIs/SNRIs
Increased risk of serotonin syndrome and seizures.
Carbamazepine
Decreased tramadol effects due to increased metabolism.
Benzodiazepines/CNS Depressants
Increased risk of respiratory depression, profound sedation, coma, and death.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include respiratory depression, somnolence progressing to coma, seizures, skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold and clammy skin, constricted pupils, bradycardia, hypotension, and death. Naloxone is the primary antagonist for respiratory depression. Gastric lavage and activated charcoal may be used. Hemodialysis is not effective.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if potential benefit justifies potential risk to the fetus. Not recommended during labor and delivery. Excreted in breast milk; not recommended for nursing mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Acute intoxication with alcohol, hypnotics, centrally acting analgesics, opioids, or psychotropic drugs
- Patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 14 days of discontinuing them
- Epilepsy not controlled by treatment
- Severe respiratory depression
Drug Interactions
MAOIs
Risk of serotonin syndrome and opioid toxicity.
Warfarin
Increased INR, bleeding risk.
SSRIs/SNRIs
Increased risk of serotonin syndrome and seizures.
Carbamazepine
Decreased tramadol effects due to increased metabolism.
Benzodiazepines/CNS Depressants
Increased risk of respiratory depression, profound sedation, coma, and death.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include respiratory depression, somnolence progressing to coma, seizures, skeletal muscle flaccidity, cold and clammy skin, constricted pupils, bradycardia, hypotension, and death. Naloxone is the primary antagonist for respiratory depression. Gastric lavage and activated charcoal may be used. Hemodialysis is not effective.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if potential benefit justifies potential risk to the fetus. Not recommended during labor and delivery. Excreted in breast milk; not recommended for nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by health authorities (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available (patent expired for original formulation)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have established Tramadol's efficacy and safety for various pain conditions. Ongoing studies investigate its use in specific patient populations or novel formulations.
Lab Monitoring
- No specific routine lab monitoring required for typical use. Monitor renal and hepatic function in patients with impairment.
Doctor Notes
- Assess patient's pain level and history of substance abuse before prescribing.
- Start with the lowest effective dose and titrate slowly.
- Educate patients on the risks of addiction and proper disposal.
- Monitor for signs of respiratory depression, especially in opioid-naive patients or during dose escalation.
Patient Guidelines
- Take as directed by your doctor.
- Do not exceed the prescribed dose.
- Do not stop taking this medicine suddenly without consulting your doctor, as withdrawal symptoms may occur.
- Avoid alcohol while on this medication.
- Report any unusual side effects immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
This medicine may cause dizziness, drowsiness, or blurred vision. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how it affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy diet to manage constipation.
- Stay hydrated.
- Engage in light physical activity if possible.
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