Vanmycin
Generic Name
Vancomycin
Manufacturer
Local Pharmaceutical Company
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| vanmycin 500 mg injection | ৳ 250.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic used for the treatment of severe Gram-positive bacterial infections, including those resistant to other antibiotics like MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). It is typically administered intravenously for systemic effects.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
15-20 mg/kg intravenously every 8-12 hours, typically not exceeding 2 g per dose or 30-40 mg/kg/day. Infuse over at least 60 minutes.
Elderly
Dose adjustment required based on renal function, often lower doses or extended dosing intervals.
Renal_impairment
Significant dose reduction and extended dosing intervals are necessary, guided by therapeutic drug monitoring of serum vancomycin levels.
How to Take
Vanmycin-500-mg-injection must be reconstituted with sterile water for injection and then diluted further before slow intravenous infusion over at least 60 minutes to minimize the risk of 'Red Man Syndrome'.
Mechanism of Action
Vancomycin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to the D-Ala-D-Ala terminus of peptidoglycan precursors, thereby preventing the transglycosylation and transpeptidation reactions necessary for cell wall formation.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid after completion of intravenous infusion.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys via glomerular filtration. Small amounts are excreted in bile.
Half life
Approximately 4-6 hours in adults with normal renal function. Can be significantly prolonged in renal impairment.
Absorption
Poorly absorbed orally; administered intravenously for systemic infections. For C. difficile infection, it is given orally and remains largely unabsorbed in the gut.
Metabolism
Minimally metabolized; negligible metabolism by the liver.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to vancomycin
- Known history of severe allergic reaction to vancomycin
Drug Interactions
Neuromuscular blocking agents
May potentiate neuromuscular blockade.
Loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide)
Increased risk of ototoxicity.
Aminoglycosides (e.g., gentamicin)
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
Amphotericin B, Cisplatin, Cyclosporine, Tacrolimus
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Storage
Store intact vials at room temperature (20-25°C), protected from light and moisture. Reconstituted solutions should be refrigerated (2-8°C) and used within 14 days, or within 24 hours if stored at room temperature.
Overdose
Overdose can lead to acute renal failure and ototoxicity. Management includes supportive care, maintaining hydration, and possibly hemodialysis or hemofiltration to remove the drug from the blood.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Use in pregnancy only if clearly needed and benefits outweigh the potential risks. Vancomycin is excreted in breast milk; caution is advised during breastfeeding. Consult your doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to vancomycin
- Known history of severe allergic reaction to vancomycin
Drug Interactions
Neuromuscular blocking agents
May potentiate neuromuscular blockade.
Loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide)
Increased risk of ototoxicity.
Aminoglycosides (e.g., gentamicin)
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
Amphotericin B, Cisplatin, Cyclosporine, Tacrolimus
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Storage
Store intact vials at room temperature (20-25°C), protected from light and moisture. Reconstituted solutions should be refrigerated (2-8°C) and used within 14 days, or within 24 hours if stored at room temperature.
Overdose
Overdose can lead to acute renal failure and ototoxicity. Management includes supportive care, maintaining hydration, and possibly hemodialysis or hemofiltration to remove the drug from the blood.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Use in pregnancy only if clearly needed and benefits outweigh the potential risks. Vancomycin is excreted in breast milk; caution is advised during breastfeeding. Consult your doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date when stored correctly. Check product label for specific expiry.
Availability
Hospitals, Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Vancomycin has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials establishing its efficacy and safety for treating severe Gram-positive bacterial infections, including those caused by MRSA.
Lab Monitoring
- Serum vancomycin trough concentrations (to ensure therapeutic levels and prevent toxicity)
- Renal function tests (serum creatinine, BUN) at baseline and regularly during therapy
- Complete blood count (CBC) to monitor for neutropenia or thrombocytopenia
- Auditory function monitoring (especially in patients with pre-existing hearing loss or concomitant ototoxic drugs)
Doctor Notes
- Crucial to monitor serum vancomycin trough levels (target 10-20 mcg/mL, or 15-20 mcg/mL for severe infections) to optimize efficacy and prevent toxicity.
- Dose adjustment is mandatory in patients with renal impairment; use estimated creatinine clearance for guidance.
- Infuse slowly (over ≥60 minutes) to minimize the risk of Red Man Syndrome and other infusion-related reactions.
Patient Guidelines
- Inform your healthcare provider if you have any allergies or kidney problems.
- Report any changes in hearing, ringing in the ears, or dizziness.
- Report any skin rash, flushing, or itching during the infusion.
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if you feel better.
Missed Dose Advice
As Vanmycin is administered by a healthcare professional, a missed dose is unlikely. If a dose is missed, inform your doctor or nurse immediately to reschedule.
Driving Precautions
Vancomycin is generally not expected to impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if side effects like dizziness occur, patients should avoid such activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration throughout the treatment period.
- Avoid alcohol during treatment as it may exacerbate side effects.
- Discuss with your doctor about any other medications or supplements you are taking.
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