Xiclav
Generic Name
Amoxicillin Trihydrate + Potassium Clavulanate
Manufacturer
ACI Limited
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| xiclav 250 mg tablet | ৳ 35.00 | ৳ 245.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Xiclav 250 mg Tablet is a combination antibiotic containing Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid, used to treat various bacterial infections including those of the respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin, and soft tissues.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual adult dose for Xiclav 250 mg is 1 to 2 tablets (250/62.5 mg) three times daily, depending on the severity and type of infection. Doses should be taken at the start of meals for better absorption and reduced GI intolerance.
Elderly
Similar to adult dosage, but renal function should be assessed and dosage adjusted if necessary.
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment is required for patients with creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min. Specific guidelines should be followed based on the degree of impairment.
How to Take
Administer orally. For best absorption and to minimize potential gastrointestinal intolerance, take at the start of a meal. Swallow the tablet whole with water. Do not chew or crush.
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial cell death. Clavulanic Acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that protects Amoxicillin from degradation by beta-lactamase enzymes produced by some bacteria, thus expanding its antibacterial spectrum.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, typically within 1 hour.
Excretion
Both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are primarily excreted unchanged in the urine by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
Half life
Amoxicillin: approximately 1 to 1.5 hours. Clavulanic acid: approximately 1 hour.
Absorption
Both amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium are well absorbed after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations occur approximately 1 hour after dosing.
Metabolism
Amoxicillin is minimally metabolized. Clavulanic acid undergoes extensive metabolism in the liver.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any penicillin or other beta-lactam antibacterial agents (e.g., cephalosporins, carbapenems).
- History of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with amoxicillin/clavulanate therapy.
- Infectious mononucleosis.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Concomitant use of probenecid delays the renal excretion of amoxicillin but not clavulanic acid, potentially increasing amoxicillin levels.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of rash when used concomitantly with amoxicillin.
Methotrexate
Amoxicillin may reduce the renal excretion of methotrexate, increasing its plasma concentration and potential toxicity.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May prolong prothrombin time and increase the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring of INR is recommended.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and disturbances of the fluid and electrolyte balance. Renal impairment, convulsions, and crystalluria have been observed. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, with hemodialysis being an effective method to remove the drug from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use only if clearly needed. Both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are excreted into breast milk; use with caution during lactation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any penicillin or other beta-lactam antibacterial agents (e.g., cephalosporins, carbapenems).
- History of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with amoxicillin/clavulanate therapy.
- Infectious mononucleosis.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Concomitant use of probenecid delays the renal excretion of amoxicillin but not clavulanic acid, potentially increasing amoxicillin levels.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of rash when used concomitantly with amoxicillin.
Methotrexate
Amoxicillin may reduce the renal excretion of methotrexate, increasing its plasma concentration and potential toxicity.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May prolong prothrombin time and increase the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring of INR is recommended.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and disturbances of the fluid and electrolyte balance. Renal impairment, convulsions, and crystalluria have been observed. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, with hemodialysis being an effective method to remove the drug from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use only if clearly needed. Both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are excreted into breast milk; use with caution during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Worldwide
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trial data supports the efficacy and safety of amoxicillin/clavulanate for indicated bacterial infections, demonstrating its broad spectrum of activity and clinical effectiveness.
Lab Monitoring
- Periodic assessment of organ system functions, including renal, hepatic, and hematopoietic function, is advisable during prolonged therapy.
- Monitor prothrombin time/INR in patients receiving anticoagulants.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of completing the full prescribed course of therapy to ensure eradication of infection and prevent antibiotic resistance.
- Counsel patients on potential allergic reactions and advise immediate medical attention if symptoms occur.
- Consider renal function in elderly patients and those with pre-existing renal impairment for dosage adjustments.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve, to prevent resistance and recurrence.
- Do not use for viral infections (e.g., common cold, flu).
- Report any signs of severe allergic reaction (e.g., rash, swelling of face/throat, difficulty breathing) immediately.
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Generally, Xiclav does not impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, some side effects like dizziness may occur, which could affect concentration. If you experience such effects, avoid driving.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Ensure adequate rest to support recovery.
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