Xolam XR
Generic Name
Alprazolam Extended Release
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| xolam xr 1 mg tablet | ৳ 4.00 | ৳ 40.00 |
| xolam xr 05 mg tablet | ৳ 2.00 | ৳ 20.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Xolam XR is an extended-release formulation of Alprazolam, a benzodiazepine, used to treat anxiety disorders and panic disorder. Its extended-release formulation allows for once-daily dosing.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose 0.5 mg to 1 mg once daily, adjusted every 3-4 days up to a maximum of 3-6 mg daily.
Elderly
Lower initial dose, e.g., 0.5 mg once daily, due to increased sensitivity and impaired elimination.
Renal_impairment
Use with caution; dosage adjustment may be necessary. Not studied in severe renal impairment.
How to Take
Take orally once daily, preferably in the morning. Swallow the tablet whole; do not chew, crush, or break.
Mechanism of Action
Alprazolam binds to specific benzodiazepine receptors on GABA-A receptors in the central nervous system, enhancing the inhibitory effects of GABA. This leads to reduced neuronal excitability.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Gradual onset due to extended-release properties.
Excretion
Mainly excreted in urine as metabolites and unconjugated Alprazolam.
Half life
Approximately 10-20 hours.
Absorption
Well absorbed after oral administration, peak plasma concentrations reached in 5-11 hours for XR formulation.
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic, via cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to alprazolam or other benzodiazepines
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- Concomitant use with strong CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole)
Drug Interactions
Opioids
Increased risk of sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death.
CYP3A inducers (e.g., carbamazepine, rifampin)
Decreased plasma concentrations of alprazolam.
CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluoxetine)
Increased plasma concentrations of alprazolam.
Other CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, antidepressants, antihistamines)
Additive CNS depressant effects.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include somnolence, confusion, impaired coordination, diminished reflexes, and coma. Management is supportive, including gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and monitoring vital signs. Flumazenil may be used as an antidote but carries risks.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D. May cause fetal harm. Not recommended during pregnancy. Alprazolam is excreted in breast milk and should not be used by nursing mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to alprazolam or other benzodiazepines
- Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- Concomitant use with strong CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole)
Drug Interactions
Opioids
Increased risk of sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death.
CYP3A inducers (e.g., carbamazepine, rifampin)
Decreased plasma concentrations of alprazolam.
CYP3A inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluoxetine)
Increased plasma concentrations of alprazolam.
Other CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, antidepressants, antihistamines)
Additive CNS depressant effects.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include somnolence, confusion, impaired coordination, diminished reflexes, and coma. Management is supportive, including gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and monitoring vital signs. Flumazenil may be used as an antidote but carries risks.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D. May cause fetal harm. Not recommended during pregnancy. Alprazolam is excreted in breast milk and should not be used by nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date.
Availability
Available in pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
DGDA approved
Patent Status
Off-patent (generic available)
Clinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of alprazolam extended-release in treating panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.
Lab Monitoring
- Not routinely required. Liver and kidney function tests may be considered during prolonged therapy, especially in patients with pre-existing impairment.
Doctor Notes
- Prescribe the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration necessary.
- Warn patients about the risks of dependence, abuse, and withdrawal.
- Counsel patients on avoiding alcohol and opioids.
- Gradual tapering is crucial when discontinuing treatment.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not stop taking this medicine suddenly, as it can lead to withdrawal symptoms.
- Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants.
- Take the tablet whole; do not crush or chew.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double dose.
Driving Precautions
This medicine can cause drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired coordination. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how it affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid alcohol consumption while on this medication.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications and supplements you are taking.
- Store safely away from children and individuals at risk of abuse.
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Global Brand Names
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