Zenicef
Generic Name
Cefixime
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| zenicef 200 mg capsule | ৳ 25.00 | ৳ 100.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Zenicef 200 mg Capsule is an antibiotic medicine used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It belongs to the cephalosporin class of antibiotics. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual adult dose is 200 mg once daily or 100 mg twice daily. In severe infections, the dose can be increased to 400 mg once daily.
Elderly
No dosage adjustment is generally required for elderly patients unless there is severe renal impairment.
Renal_impairment
For creatinine clearance 21-60 mL/min, 200 mg once daily. For creatinine clearance < 20 mL/min, 100 mg once daily.
How to Take
Zenicef capsule may be taken with or without food. To minimize gastrointestinal upset, it can be taken with food. Swallow the capsule whole with a glass of water.
Mechanism of Action
Cefixime is a bactericidal antibiotic that acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis, leading to cell lysis and bacterial death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Peak plasma concentrations reached in 2-6 hours, indicating the onset of maximum effect.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged via urine (about 50-60% of absorbed dose) and bile (10%).
Half life
Average 3-4 hours (range 2.5-4.6 hours).
Absorption
Approximately 40-50% absorbed orally. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved in 2-6 hours after administration.
Metabolism
Cefixime is not significantly metabolized in the liver; approximately 10% of the dose is metabolized.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cefixime or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to penicillin (due to potential cross-reactivity).
Drug Interactions
Nifedipine
Concurrent administration may result in increased Cefixime absorption and plasma levels.
Probenecid
May increase Cefixime plasma concentrations by decreasing its renal excretion.
Carbamazepine
Elevated plasma carbamazepine levels have been reported when taken with Cefixime.
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May increase prothrombin time/INR, necessitating monitoring and dosage adjustment.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach and sight of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, gastric lavage may be indicated. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may remove some drug from the system. No specific antidote exists. Treatment should be supportive and symptomatic.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Cefixime crosses the placenta, but studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. It should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Small amounts of cefixime may be excreted in breast milk; use with caution during lactation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cefixime or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to penicillin (due to potential cross-reactivity).
Drug Interactions
Nifedipine
Concurrent administration may result in increased Cefixime absorption and plasma levels.
Probenecid
May increase Cefixime plasma concentrations by decreasing its renal excretion.
Carbamazepine
Elevated plasma carbamazepine levels have been reported when taken with Cefixime.
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May increase prothrombin time/INR, necessitating monitoring and dosage adjustment.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach and sight of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, gastric lavage may be indicated. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may remove some drug from the system. No specific antidote exists. Treatment should be supportive and symptomatic.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Cefixime crosses the placenta, but studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. It should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Small amounts of cefixime may be excreted in breast milk; use with caution during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the date of manufacture, depending on the manufacturer's specification.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of Cefixime for various bacterial infections, including respiratory, urinary tract, and sexually transmitted infections.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (e.g., serum creatinine, BUN) in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or during prolonged therapy.
- Complete blood count (CBC) during prolonged therapy.
- Liver function tests (LFTs) if abnormalities are suspected or with prolonged use.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of completing the full course of therapy to prevent resistance and recurrence.
- Counsel patients on potential adverse effects, especially C. difficile-associated diarrhea, and when to seek medical attention.
- Monitor renal function in elderly patients or those with pre-existing kidney disease.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor and complete the full course, even if you feel better.
- Do not share this medicine with others, even if they have similar symptoms.
- Inform your doctor immediately if you experience severe diarrhea (especially watery or bloody), allergic reactions (e.g., rash, itching, swelling), or any other unusual symptoms.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Zenicef may cause dizziness or lightheadedness in some patients. If you experience these effects, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good personal hygiene to prevent the spread of infection.
- Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated, especially if experiencing diarrhea.
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