Zero
Generic Name
Ondansetron
Manufacturer
Acme Pharmaceuticals
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| zero 8 mg tablet | ৳ 1.40 | ৳ 14.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Zero 8 mg Tablet contains Ondansetron, an anti-emetic drug primarily used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. It is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For highly emetogenic chemotherapy, 24 mg orally 30 minutes before chemotherapy. For moderately emetogenic chemotherapy, 8 mg orally 30 minutes before chemotherapy, then 8 mg every 8 hours for 1-2 days. For PONV, 16 mg orally one hour before anesthesia.
Elderly
No special dosage adjustment needed for elderly patients with normal hepatic function.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment recommended for patients with renal impairment.
How to Take
Take the tablet whole with or without food, as directed by your doctor. For chemotherapy-induced nausea, it is usually taken 30 minutes before treatment. For postoperative nausea, it is usually taken an hour before surgery.
Mechanism of Action
Ondansetron selectively blocks serotonin 5-HT3 receptors located both peripherally on vagal nerve terminals and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) of the brain. By blocking these receptors, it prevents serotonin from activating the CTZ and the vomiting center, thereby reducing nausea and vomiting.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 30 minutes for antiemetic effect.
Excretion
About 5% of the dose is excreted unchanged in urine, with metabolites primarily excreted via urine and feces.
Half life
Approximately 3-5 hours in adults, longer in elderly and those with hepatic impairment.
Absorption
Rapidly and completely absorbed from the GI tract after oral administration, though bioavailability is about 60% due to first-pass metabolism. Peak plasma concentrations are reached in 1.5-2 hours.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver by hydroxylation, followed by glucuronide or sulfate conjugation. CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4 are involved.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Ondansetron or any component of the formulation.
- Concomitant use with apomorphine due to profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
Drug Interactions
Tramadol
May reduce the analgesic effect of tramadol.
Apomorphine
Concurrent use is contraindicated due to severe hypotension and loss of consciousness.
Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Rifampicin
May decrease ondansetron plasma concentrations.
QT-prolonging drugs (e.g., Amiodarone, Class IA/III antiarrhythmics)
Increased risk of QT prolongation and Torsade de Pointes.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include transient visual disturbances, severe constipation, hypotension, and vasovagal episodes with transient AV block. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive; there is no specific antidote. ECG monitoring is recommended due to the risk of QT prolongation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Human studies are limited. Use only if clearly needed. Ondansetron is excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Ondansetron or any component of the formulation.
- Concomitant use with apomorphine due to profound hypotension and loss of consciousness.
Drug Interactions
Tramadol
May reduce the analgesic effect of tramadol.
Apomorphine
Concurrent use is contraindicated due to severe hypotension and loss of consciousness.
Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Rifampicin
May decrease ondansetron plasma concentrations.
QT-prolonging drugs (e.g., Amiodarone, Class IA/III antiarrhythmics)
Increased risk of QT prolongation and Torsade de Pointes.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include transient visual disturbances, severe constipation, hypotension, and vasovagal episodes with transient AV block. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive; there is no specific antidote. ECG monitoring is recommended due to the risk of QT prolongation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Human studies are limited. Use only if clearly needed. Ondansetron is excreted in human milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24-36 months from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated Ondansetron's efficacy and safety in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), radiation-induced nausea and vomiting (RINV), and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) across various patient populations, including pediatric and adult patients.
Lab Monitoring
- ECG monitoring in patients with underlying cardiac conditions, electrolyte abnormalities, or concomitant use of other QT-prolonging drugs.
- Liver function tests (LFTs) in patients with hepatic impairment.
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients to report any chest pain, palpitations, or fainting spells immediately.
- Be mindful of QT prolongation risk, especially in patients with pre-existing cardiac conditions or those on concomitant QT-prolonging medications.
- Consider liver function in patients with severe hepatic impairment.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking the medicine without consulting your doctor.
- Inform your doctor if you experience any unusual side effects or if your condition worsens.
- Do not take more than the recommended dose.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Ondansetron may cause dizziness or fatigue. Patients should be advised to exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until they know how the medication affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Stay hydrated, especially during chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
- Avoid trigger foods and strong smells if they worsen nausea.
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