Zoxan
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin
Manufacturer
FDC Limited
Country
India
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| zoxan 500 mg tablet | ৳ 10.07 | ৳ 100.70 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Zoxan 500 mg Tablet is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including those of the urinary tract, respiratory tract, skin, soft tissue, bone, joint, and gastrointestinal tract.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Dosage varies depending on the infection type and severity. Typical dose ranges from 250 mg to 750 mg twice daily. For uncomplicated UTIs: 250 mg twice daily for 3 days. For more severe infections: 500-750 mg twice daily.
Elderly
Similar to adult dosage, but caution and dose adjustment may be required based on renal function.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment is necessary for patients with creatinine clearance ≤ 50 mL/min. For CrCl 30-50 mL/min: 250-500 mg every 12 hours. For CrCl < 30 mL/min: 250-500 mg every 18-24 hours.
How to Take
Take orally, with or without food. Do not take with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices alone. Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water. Maintain adequate hydration.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to disruption of bacterial DNA and cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Antibacterial activity usually starts within 1-2 hours.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged via the kidneys (50-70% in urine) and to a lesser extent via feces (15-30%).
Half life
Plasma elimination half-life is approximately 3-5 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration, with bioavailability of approximately 70%. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Undergoes limited hepatic metabolism (10-20%) to several less active metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones.
- •Co-administration with Tizanidine.
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
May increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsive seizures.
Warfarin
Enhanced anticoagulant effects, increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR closely.
Tizanidine
Increased plasma concentrations of Tizanidine, leading to hypotension and sedation. Concomitant use is contraindicated.
Cyclosporine
May increase serum creatinine levels. Monitor renal function.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate levels, potentially leading to toxicity.
Theophylline
Increased plasma levels of Theophylline, leading to toxicity. Monitor Theophylline levels.
Antacids, Iron, Zinc, Sucralfate
May reduce ciprofloxacin absorption. Take ciprofloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after these agents.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In the event of an acute overdose, symptomatic treatment and supportive measures should be initiated. Gastric lavage may be considered if ingestion is recent. Adequate hydration should be maintained. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis remove only a small amount of ciprofloxacin from the body.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Ciprofloxacin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Ciprofloxacin is excreted into human breast milk; therefore, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies worldwide
Patent Status
Patent Expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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