Aciphin
Generic Name
Ceftriaxone
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| aciphin 250 mg injection | ৳ 100.30 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Aciphin 250 mg injection contains Ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical adult dosage is 1-2 g administered once daily (or in two equally divided doses) by IV or IM route, depending on the severity of infection. For severe infections, up to 4 g/day.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is usually needed unless there is severe renal or hepatic impairment.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment needed for mild to moderate renal impairment. For severe impairment (creatinine clearance <10 mL/min), monitor plasma levels, but generally, maximum 2 g/day.
How to Take
Administer by deep intramuscular injection, or by slow intravenous injection over 2-4 minutes, or by intravenous infusion over 30 minutes. Reconstitute powder with appropriate diluent (e.g., Water for Injection, Lidocaine HCl solution for IM).
Mechanism of Action
Ceftriaxone inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, typically within hours of administration.
Excretion
Excreted through both renal (40-65%) and biliary (35-60%) routes.
Half life
Approximately 6-9 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and completely absorbed after intramuscular (IM) injection. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 2-3 hours.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver, but a significant portion is excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone, any other cephalosporin, or to any of the excipients.
- Neonates (≤28 days) with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature neonates.
- Neonates requiring calcium-containing intravenous solutions.
Drug Interactions
Loop diuretics
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Aminoglycosides
Enhanced nephrotoxicity when co-administered.
Chloramphenicol
Antagonistic effects, avoid concomitant use.
Oral anticoagulants
May increase the anticoagulant effect and the risk of bleeding.
Storage
Store dry powder at room temperature (below 30°C), protected from light. Reconstituted solution is stable for 6 hours at room temperature or 24 hours under refrigeration (2-8°C).
Overdose
Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and CNS toxicity (e.g., seizures). Treatment is supportive and symptomatic; hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is generally not effective.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy category B. Use in pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in small amounts; use with caution during lactation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone, any other cephalosporin, or to any of the excipients.
- Neonates (≤28 days) with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature neonates.
- Neonates requiring calcium-containing intravenous solutions.
Drug Interactions
Loop diuretics
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Aminoglycosides
Enhanced nephrotoxicity when co-administered.
Chloramphenicol
Antagonistic effects, avoid concomitant use.
Oral anticoagulants
May increase the anticoagulant effect and the risk of bleeding.
Storage
Store dry powder at room temperature (below 30°C), protected from light. Reconstituted solution is stable for 6 hours at room temperature or 24 hours under refrigeration (2-8°C).
Overdose
Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and CNS toxicity (e.g., seizures). Treatment is supportive and symptomatic; hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is generally not effective.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy category B. Use in pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in small amounts; use with caution during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the date of manufacture. Refer to the packaging for exact expiry.
Availability
Hospitals, Clinics, Retail Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities worldwide
Patent Status
Generic available (patent expired for original drug)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ceftriaxone has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety across various bacterial infections. Ongoing research explores its use in emerging resistant strains.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete blood count (CBC)
- Renal function tests (e.g., creatinine)
- Liver function tests (e.g., ALT, AST)
Doctor Notes
- Before prescribing, inquire about patient's hypersensitivity history to cephalosporins and penicillins.
- Monitor for signs of C. difficile-associated diarrhea, especially in patients receiving prolonged therapy.
- Avoid concomitant use with calcium-containing solutions in neonates.
Patient Guidelines
- Inform your doctor about any allergies, especially to penicillin or other antibiotics.
- Complete the full course of treatment, even if you feel better, to prevent recurrence and resistance.
- Report any unusual side effects, especially severe diarrhea or rash, immediately to your doctor.
- Avoid alcohol consumption during treatment.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, it should be administered as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Generally, Aciphin does not affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or other side effects that impair concentration, avoid these activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent further infections.
- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids.
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