Aciphin
Generic Name
Cefepime
Manufacturer
Acme Laboratories Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| aciphin 500 mg injection | ৳ 145.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Aciphin 500 mg Injection contains Cefepime, a fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections including pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and skin infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical dose is 1-2 grams IV/IM every 8-12 hours, depending on the severity and type of infection. For febrile neutropenia, 2 grams IV every 8 hours.
Elderly
Dosage adjustment may be necessary based on renal function.
Renal_impairment
Significant dosage adjustment required based on creatinine clearance. For example, for creatinine clearance 30-60 mL/min, 0.5-1 gram every 24 hours. For <10 mL/min, 0.5-1 gram every 48 hours.
How to Take
For intravenous (IV) administration, reconstitute with appropriate diluent (e.g., sterile water for injection, 0.9% sodium chloride) and administer over 30 minutes. For intramuscular (IM) administration, reconstitute with sterile water or lidocaine and inject deep into a large muscle mass.
Mechanism of Action
Cefepime is a bactericidal antibiotic that acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which prevents the cross-linking of peptidoglycan chains, essential for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This leads to disruption of the cell wall and eventually cell lysis.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid onset (within minutes after IV administration).
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine (85%) via glomerular filtration. Renal impairment significantly prolongs elimination half-life.
Half life
Approximately 2 hours in adults with normal renal function.
Absorption
Rapid and complete absorption after intramuscular (IM) administration, achieving peak plasma concentrations within 1-2 hours. Intravenous (IV) administration provides immediate and complete bioavailability.
Metabolism
Poorly metabolized; approximately 10-15% is metabolized to N-methylpyrrolidine (NMP) which is then rapidly converted to the N-oxide. Most of the drug is excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Cefepime or other beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, other cephalosporins)
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any cephalosporin
Drug Interactions
Aminoglycosides
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
Nephrotoxic drugs
Increased risk of renal adverse effects.
Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase cefepime concentrations.
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May enhance anticoagulant effect, requiring closer INR monitoring.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Reconstituted solution stable for specific period (e.g., 24 hours at room temperature or 7 days under refrigeration).
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include encephalopathy (impaired consciousness, confusion, seizures, myoclonus), particularly in patients with renal impairment. Management involves supportive care and hemodialysis to remove the drug.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Cefepime should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in low concentrations, caution advised during breastfeeding.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Cefepime or other beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, other cephalosporins)
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any cephalosporin
Drug Interactions
Aminoglycosides
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
Nephrotoxic drugs
Increased risk of renal adverse effects.
Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase cefepime concentrations.
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May enhance anticoagulant effect, requiring closer INR monitoring.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Reconstituted solution stable for specific period (e.g., 24 hours at room temperature or 7 days under refrigeration).
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include encephalopathy (impaired consciousness, confusion, seizures, myoclonus), particularly in patients with renal impairment. Management involves supportive care and hemodialysis to remove the drug.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Cefepime should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in low concentrations, caution advised during breastfeeding.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years, check specific product packaging for exact date.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cefepime has been evaluated in numerous clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in various bacterial infections. Ongoing research focuses on resistance patterns and optimal dosing strategies.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (creatinine, BUN)
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST)
- Complete blood count (CBC)
- Therapeutic drug monitoring (in specific cases of renal impairment or severe infection)
Doctor Notes
- Adjust dose in renal impairment.
- Monitor for hypersensitivity reactions, especially in patients with penicillin allergy.
- Consider combination therapy for severe or polymicrobial infections.
Patient Guidelines
- Report any signs of allergic reaction immediately.
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking.
- Report severe diarrhea, especially if persistent or bloody.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause dizziness or confusion in some patients; advise caution when driving or operating machinery until effects are known.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration.
- Avoid alcohol during treatment if feeling unwell.
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