Almoxil
Generic Name
Amoxicillin
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| almoxil 250 mg capsule | ৳ 3.30 | ৳ 33.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Amoxicillin is a penicillin antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
250 mg to 500 mg three times daily (every 8 hours), or 500 mg to 875 mg twice daily (every 12 hours), depending on the severity and type of infection. Higher doses may be used for severe infections.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment required based solely on age, but renal function should be considered and dose adjusted if renal impairment is present.
Renal_impairment
Dosage reduction is necessary based on creatinine clearance. For CrCl 10-30 mL/min, 250 mg-500 mg every 12 hours. For CrCl <10 mL/min, 250 mg-500 mg every 24 hours. Hemodialysis patients: additional dose after dialysis.
How to Take
Take orally with a glass of water, with or without food. Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin is a bactericidal antibiotic that acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which prevents the cross-linking of peptidoglycan polymers, leading to cell lysis and bacterial death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 30 minutes to 1 hour
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine (50-70%) by renal tubular secretion and glomerular filtration. Small amounts are excreted in feces.
Half life
Approximately 1-1.5 hours in adults with normal renal function, prolonged in renal impairment.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 1-2 hours. Bioavailability is approximately 70-90%. Food generally does not affect absorption.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized (approximately 10-25%) in the liver to inactive penicilloic acid.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to amoxicillin, any other penicillin, or any component of the formulation.
- •History of severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any other beta-lactam agent (e.g., cephalosporin, carbapenem, monobactam).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases amoxicillin plasma levels by decreasing its renal tubular secretion.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of skin rash when co-administered.
Methotrexate
Decreases renal clearance of methotrexate, potentially increasing its toxicity.
Oral contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives (rarely significant).
Warfarin and other oral anticoagulants
May prolong prothrombin time (INR), increasing the risk of bleeding.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and crystalluria (especially in renal impairment). Management involves symptomatic and supportive treatment. Gastric lavage or activated charcoal may be considered if recent ingestion. Hemodialysis can remove amoxicillin from the circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy category B. Studies in animals have not shown a risk, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use if clearly needed. Excreted into breast milk in small amounts; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, but monitor infant for potential adverse effects like diarrhea or candidiasis.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture, specific to manufacturer's guidelines.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available, patent expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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