Arotril
Generic Name
Clonazepam
Manufacturer
Example Pharmaceutical Co.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| arotril 2 mg tablet | ৳ 13.00 | ৳ 130.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Arotril 2 mg Tablet contains Clonazepam, a benzodiazepine primarily used to treat various seizure disorders, panic disorder, and anxiety. It works by enhancing the activity of GABA, a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity, thereby producing a calming effect.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose for panic disorder: 0.25 mg twice daily; may be increased to 1 mg/day after 3 days. Initial dose for seizure disorders: 0.5 mg three times daily; gradually increased by 0.5-1 mg every 3 days until seizures are controlled or side effects preclude further increases. Max 20 mg/day.
Elderly
Initial dose 0.25 mg once daily for panic disorder or 0.25 mg twice daily for seizure disorders; titrate cautiously due to increased sensitivity.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment necessary for mild to moderate renal impairment, but caution is advised. Not recommended in severe impairment.
How to Take
Take orally with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole with water. Do not crush or chew. For seizure control, it is important to take the medication regularly as prescribed.
Mechanism of Action
Clonazepam binds to specific benzodiazepine receptors on the GABA-A receptor complex in the central nervous system. This binding enhances the inhibitory effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), leading to increased chloride ion influx into neurons, hyperpolarization, and decreased neuronal excitability.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Anticonvulsant effect: 20-60 minutes (oral); Panic disorder: onset may vary.
Excretion
Excreted mainly in the urine as metabolites; a small amount excreted in feces.
Half life
Approximately 18-50 hours (mean 30-40 hours).
Absorption
Readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; peak plasma concentrations reached within 1-4 hours.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by nitroreduction and subsequent N-acetylation; cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) may be involved to a minor extent.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Known hypersensitivity to clonazepam or other benzodiazepines
- •Acute narrow-angle glaucoma
- •Severe respiratory insufficiency
- •Severe hepatic impairment
Drug Interactions
Opioids
Increased risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death.
Carbamazepine, Phenytoin
May alter clonazepam metabolism, potentially decreasing clonazepam levels.
Alcohol and other CNS depressants
Enhanced sedative effects, increased risk of respiratory depression.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include somnolence, confusion, impaired coordination, diminished reflexes, and coma. Management involves supportive care, maintaining a patent airway, and monitoring vital signs. Flumazenil may be considered in severe cases, but caution is advised due to potential for seizures in benzodiazepine-dependent patients.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D. May cause fetal harm. Use only if potential benefit justifies potential risk to the fetus. Excreted in breast milk, so advise caution during lactation; consider discontinuing nursing or the drug.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 months from manufacturing date
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
FDA Approved
Patent Status
Generic available, original patent expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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