Axon
Generic Name
Ceftriaxone
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| axon 250 mg injection | ৳ 100.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Axon 250 mg Injection contains Ceftriaxone, a broad-spectrum third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
General dosage for infections is 1-2 g IV/IM once daily. For 250 mg, specific indications like uncomplicated gonorrhea might be a single 250 mg IM dose, or for pediatric use depending on weight and infection severity.
Elderly
Similar to adults, but dosage adjustment may be necessary in severe renal or hepatic impairment.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment needed for mild to moderate impairment. For severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <10 mL/min), maximum daily dose should not exceed 2 g.
How to Take
Administered by deep intramuscular (IM) injection or slow intravenous (IV) infusion over 30 minutes, or IV bolus over 2-4 minutes, by a healthcare professional.
Mechanism of Action
Ceftriaxone acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid.
Excretion
Primarily through urine (approximately 50-60%) and bile (approximately 40-50%).
Half life
6-9 hours (prolonged in neonates and elderly).
Absorption
Rapid and complete absorption after intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) administration.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites; approximately 33-67% is excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone, any other cephalosporin, or to any penicillin (due to potential cross-reactivity).
- Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature neonates, because ceftriaxone can displace bilirubin from albumin binding sites.
- Neonates (≤ 28 days) if they require or are expected to require intravenous calcium-containing solutions.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May increase the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, requiring INR monitoring and possible dose adjustment.
Aminoglycosides
May increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Oral contraceptives
May decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives; additional birth control methods may be necessary.
Calcium-containing solutions
Concomitant use with IV calcium-containing solutions is contraindicated in neonates due to precipitation risk.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Protect from moisture. Keep out of reach of children. Reconstituted solutions should be used immediately or stored briefly as per manufacturer guidelines.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be administered. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is not effective in removing ceftriaxone.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. While studies in animals have not shown harm, there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Ceftriaxone is excreted in low concentrations in breast milk; use with caution during lactation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone, any other cephalosporin, or to any penicillin (due to potential cross-reactivity).
- Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature neonates, because ceftriaxone can displace bilirubin from albumin binding sites.
- Neonates (≤ 28 days) if they require or are expected to require intravenous calcium-containing solutions.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May increase the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, requiring INR monitoring and possible dose adjustment.
Aminoglycosides
May increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Oral contraceptives
May decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives; additional birth control methods may be necessary.
Calcium-containing solutions
Concomitant use with IV calcium-containing solutions is contraindicated in neonates due to precipitation risk.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Protect from moisture. Keep out of reach of children. Reconstituted solutions should be used immediately or stored briefly as per manufacturer guidelines.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be administered. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is not effective in removing ceftriaxone.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. While studies in animals have not shown harm, there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Ceftriaxone is excreted in low concentrations in breast milk; use with caution during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years for unreconstituted powder, when stored as per recommendations. Reconstituted solutions have a shorter shelf life.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ceftriaxone has undergone extensive clinical trials since its introduction, establishing its efficacy and safety profile. Ongoing research explores its use in new indications or combinations.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (e.g., serum creatinine, BUN) periodically, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
- Liver function tests (e.g., AST, ALT, bilirubin) in patients with hepatic impairment or prolonged therapy.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) with differential, particularly during prolonged treatment, to monitor for hematological abnormalities.
Doctor Notes
- Always inquire about penicillin/cephalosporin allergy history before administration.
- Exercise caution when co-administering with calcium-containing solutions, especially in neonates.
- Monitor renal and hepatic function during prolonged therapy, particularly in elderly or renally/hepatically impaired patients.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by your doctor, even if you feel better, to prevent recurrence and development of antibiotic resistance.
- Report any unusual side effects or allergic reactions (e.g., rash, difficulty breathing) immediately to your healthcare provider.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs, herbal supplements, and vitamins.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, contact your doctor or nurse as soon as possible to reschedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Ceftriaxone generally does not impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or visual disturbances, you should avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good personal hygiene to prevent the spread of infection.
- Ensure adequate fluid intake unless otherwise advised by your doctor.
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