Cavazide
Generic Name
Cavalapril
Manufacturer
Example Pharma Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cavazide 300 mg tablet | ৳ 24.00 | ৳ 240.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cavazide 300 mg Tablet contains Cavalapril, an ACE inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and heart failure. It helps relax blood vessels, allowing blood to flow more easily and reducing the workload on the heart.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Hypertension: Initial 100 mg once daily. Maintenance 100-300 mg once daily. Max 600 mg daily. Heart failure: Initial 50 mg once daily, titrated upwards slowly.
Elderly
Initial 50 mg once daily, titrate upwards carefully with close monitoring of renal function and blood pressure.
Renal_impairment
Adjust dose based on creatinine clearance (CrCl). CrCl < 30 mL/min: Initial 25 mg once daily. CrCl 30-60 mL/min: Initial 50 mg once daily.
How to Take
Take orally once daily, with or without food. It is recommended to take it at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels.
Mechanism of Action
Cavalapril works by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which is responsible for converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. By blocking this conversion, Cavalapril causes vasodilation, reduces aldosterone secretion, and decreases blood pressure.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1 hour; maximal effect typically seen after 3-6 hours.
Excretion
Primarily renal excretion (approximately 95% within 24 hours), both by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
Half life
Approximately 11 hours (effective half-life), allowing for once-daily dosing.
Absorption
Well absorbed orally (approximately 60-70%). Peak plasma concentrations achieved in 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Minimally metabolized; primarily excreted as unchanged drug.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Cavalapril or any other ACE inhibitor
- History of angioedema related to previous ACE inhibitor therapy
- Hereditary or idiopathic angioedema
- Pregnancy (second and third trimesters)
- Concomitant use with Aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus or renal impairment (GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m²)
- Aortic stenosis or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Drug Interactions
Lithium
Increased serum lithium levels and lithium toxicity. Monitor lithium levels closely.
Insulin and oral antidiabetic agents
Enhanced blood glucose lowering effect, especially at the start of treatment. Monitor blood glucose.
NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs)
May reduce the antihypertensive effect and increase the risk of renal impairment, especially in elderly or dehydrated patients.
Potassium-sparing diuretics/Potassium supplements
May lead to significant hyperkalemia. Close monitoring of serum potassium is recommended.
Dual blockade of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS)
Concomitant use with ARBs or Aliskiren increases the risk of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach and sight of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include severe hypotension (low blood pressure), shock, stupor, bradycardia, electrolyte disturbances, and renal failure. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. If ingestion is recent, gastric lavage may be performed. Intravenous saline infusion may be required to restore blood pressure.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Cavalapril is contraindicated in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to significant risk of fetal harm. It is not recommended during the first trimester. Use with caution during lactation; consult a doctor as small amounts may pass into breast milk.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Cavalapril or any other ACE inhibitor
- History of angioedema related to previous ACE inhibitor therapy
- Hereditary or idiopathic angioedema
- Pregnancy (second and third trimesters)
- Concomitant use with Aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus or renal impairment (GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m²)
- Aortic stenosis or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Drug Interactions
Lithium
Increased serum lithium levels and lithium toxicity. Monitor lithium levels closely.
Insulin and oral antidiabetic agents
Enhanced blood glucose lowering effect, especially at the start of treatment. Monitor blood glucose.
NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs)
May reduce the antihypertensive effect and increase the risk of renal impairment, especially in elderly or dehydrated patients.
Potassium-sparing diuretics/Potassium supplements
May lead to significant hyperkalemia. Close monitoring of serum potassium is recommended.
Dual blockade of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS)
Concomitant use with ARBs or Aliskiren increases the risk of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach and sight of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include severe hypotension (low blood pressure), shock, stupor, bradycardia, electrolyte disturbances, and renal failure. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. If ingestion is recent, gastric lavage may be performed. Intravenous saline infusion may be required to restore blood pressure.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Cavalapril is contraindicated in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to significant risk of fetal harm. It is not recommended during the first trimester. Use with caution during lactation; consult a doctor as small amounts may pass into breast milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Pharmacies and hospitals nationwide
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities
Patent Status
Patent Expired
Clinical Trials
Clinical trials for Cavalapril have demonstrated its efficacy and safety in managing hypertension and heart failure. Ongoing post-marketing surveillance studies continue to monitor long-term outcomes and rare adverse events.
Lab Monitoring
- Serum creatinine and potassium levels (before treatment and periodically during therapy, especially in patients with renal impairment or on diuretics)
- Blood pressure monitoring regularly
- Liver function tests (periodically)
Doctor Notes
- Monitor blood pressure regularly, especially after initial dose or dose adjustments.
- Assess renal function and serum electrolytes (potassium, creatinine) periodically.
- Educate patients on symptoms of angioedema and the need for immediate medical attention if they occur.
- Advise caution in patients with a history of angioedema or in those on concurrent medications that may increase angioedema risk.
- Consider alternative antihypertensive agents if persistent bothersome cough develops.
Patient Guidelines
- Take Cavazide exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking the medicine without consulting your doctor, even if you feel well.
- Report any signs of angioedema (e.g., swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat) or severe dizziness immediately.
- Avoid potassium supplements or salt substitutes containing potassium without consulting your doctor.
- Inform your doctor or dentist that you are taking Cavazide before any surgery or dental procedure.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Cavazide may cause dizziness, especially at the start of treatment or when the dose is increased. Exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until you know how the medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy diet low in sodium and saturated fats.
- Engage in regular physical activity as advised by your doctor.
- Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption.
- Monitor your blood pressure at home regularly if advised by your doctor.
- Manage stress effectively.
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