Adults

One 500 mg/125 mg tablet every 8-12 hours, or as directed by physician. Duration usually 5-14 days depending on infection severity.

Elderly

Dosage adjustment usually not required unless severe renal impairment is present.

Renal_impairment

Dosage adjustment needed based on creatinine clearance. e.g., CrCl 10-30 mL/min: 500 mg/125 mg every 12 hours; CrCl <10 mL/min: 500 mg/125 mg every 24 hours.

Onset

Approximately 1 hour (antibacterial activity)

Excretion

Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine (amoxicillin) and through urine (clavulanate metabolites and unchanged drug).

Half life

Amoxicillin: 1-1.3 hours; Clavulanate: 1 hour

Absorption

Both amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved in approximately 1-2 hours.

Metabolism

Amoxicillin is minimally metabolized; Clavulanate is extensively metabolized.

Probenecid

Decreases renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin, leading to increased and prolonged blood levels of amoxicillin. Concomitant use is not recommended.

Allopurinol

Increased incidence of rash in patients receiving allopurinol and amoxicillin concurrently.

Methotrexate

May decrease methotrexate excretion, potentially increasing toxicity. Monitor methotrexate levels.

Oral Contraceptives

May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives; advise patients to use an additional non-hormonal method of contraception.

Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)

May prolong prothrombin time (INR). Close monitoring of INR is advised.