Ceftax
Generic Name
Ceftriaxone 250 mg Injection
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| ceftax 250 mg injection | ৳ 50.19 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ceftax 250 mg Injection contains Ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections including respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, urinary tract infections, and meningitis.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typically 1-2 g intravenously or intramuscularly once daily; for 250 mg, it may be used for specific mild infections or as part of a multi-drug regimen, or pediatric dose.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment for elderly with normal renal and hepatic function. Dosage may need adjustment based on renal function.
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment not typically required for mild to moderate renal impairment, but careful monitoring is advised for severe impairment. Max 2 g/day in severe renal impairment (CrCl <10 mL/min).
How to Take
For intramuscular (IM) use, dissolve in appropriate diluent and inject deep into a large muscle. For intravenous (IV) use, dissolve in appropriate diluent and administer slowly over 30 minutes, or as a bolus over 2-4 minutes. Do not mix with calcium-containing solutions.
Mechanism of Action
Ceftriaxone inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid; typically within 30 minutes to 2 hours.
Excretion
Approximately 50-60% excreted unchanged in urine via glomerular filtration, and 40-50% excreted in bile/feces.
Half life
Approximately 6-9 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and completely absorbed after intramuscular (IM) administration; 100% bioavailability after intravenous (IV) administration.
Metabolism
Not extensively metabolized in the liver; primarily undergoes hydrolysis to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone, any other cephalosporin, or penicillin.
- Neonates (≤28 days) with hyperbilirubinemia, particularly premature neonates.
- Neonates (≤28 days) requiring calcium-containing IV solutions.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Does not significantly alter ceftriaxone pharmacokinetics (unlike other cephalosporins).
Aminoglycosides
Synergistic effect against certain bacteria, but avoid mixing in the same syringe.
Calcium-containing solutions
Contraindicated in neonates; in older patients, administer sequentially with flushing, but avoid simultaneous administration.
Loop Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase nephrotoxicity, especially with concomitant use.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May increase the risk of bleeding by inhibiting vitamin K synthesis.
Storage
Store dry powder at room temperature (below 30°C), protected from light and moisture. After reconstitution, refer to specific product instructions for storage conditions and duration (e.g., refrigerate and use within 24-48 hours).
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and neurological disturbances (e.g., convulsions) at very high doses. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive; hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is not effective in removing ceftriaxone.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women are lacking. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excreted in low concentrations into breast milk; use with caution during lactation, monitor infant for potential side effects (e.g., diarrhea, candidiasis).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone, any other cephalosporin, or penicillin.
- Neonates (≤28 days) with hyperbilirubinemia, particularly premature neonates.
- Neonates (≤28 days) requiring calcium-containing IV solutions.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Does not significantly alter ceftriaxone pharmacokinetics (unlike other cephalosporins).
Aminoglycosides
Synergistic effect against certain bacteria, but avoid mixing in the same syringe.
Calcium-containing solutions
Contraindicated in neonates; in older patients, administer sequentially with flushing, but avoid simultaneous administration.
Loop Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase nephrotoxicity, especially with concomitant use.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May increase the risk of bleeding by inhibiting vitamin K synthesis.
Storage
Store dry powder at room temperature (below 30°C), protected from light and moisture. After reconstitution, refer to specific product instructions for storage conditions and duration (e.g., refrigerate and use within 24-48 hours).
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and neurological disturbances (e.g., convulsions) at very high doses. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive; hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is not effective in removing ceftriaxone.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women are lacking. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excreted in low concentrations into breast milk; use with caution during lactation, monitor infant for potential side effects (e.g., diarrhea, candidiasis).
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Usually 2-3 years from manufacturing date. Once reconstituted, stability varies (e.g., 6 hours at room temperature, 24-48 hours refrigerated).
Availability
Hospitals, Clinics, Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available (Patent expired for Ceftriaxone)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensively studied in numerous clinical trials for its efficacy in treating various bacterial infections. Ongoing surveillance for resistance patterns.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (e.g., AST, ALT)
- Kidney function tests (e.g., BUN, Creatinine)
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Coagulation parameters (especially with prolonged use or high doses)
Doctor Notes
- Confirm bacterial susceptibility before initiating treatment if possible.
- Adjust dose in severe renal or hepatic impairment.
- Counsel patients on completing the full course and potential for C. difficile infection.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment even if symptoms improve.
- Report any severe or persistent side effects to your doctor.
- Do not self-medicate or share this medicine with others.
- Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as remembered. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
This medicine may cause dizziness in some individuals. If affected, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent further infections.
- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Follow a balanced diet for overall health.
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