Ceftax
Generic Name
Ceftriaxone 500 mg Injection
Manufacturer
Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| ceftax 500 mg injection | ৳ 76.29 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ceftax 500 mg Injection contains Ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, used to treat various bacterial infections including severe ones like meningitis, sepsis, and complicated urinary tract infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical adult dose is 1-2 g once daily, administered intravenously (IV) or intramuscularly (IM). For severe infections, up to 4 g daily in divided doses.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is generally needed in elderly patients unless there is severe renal or hepatic impairment.
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment may be necessary in severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <10 mL/min). Max 2g daily.
How to Take
Administered by slow intravenous infusion (over 30 minutes) or deep intramuscular injection. IM injection should be diluted with Lidocaine solution if available to reduce pain.
Mechanism of Action
Ceftriaxone inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to cell lysis and bacterial death. It has a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, typically within 1-2 hours.
Excretion
Mainly excreted in urine and bile as unchanged drug.
Half life
Approximately 6-9 hours.
Absorption
Rapid and complete absorption after intramuscular (IM) injection. High bioavailability.
Metabolism
Not significantly metabolized in the liver; primarily excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or other cephalosporins
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any other type of beta-lactam antibacterial agent (e.g., penicillins)
- Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature neonates (due to risk of bilirubin encephalopathy)
- Neonates requiring calcium-containing intravenous solutions
Drug Interactions
Aminoglycosides
Potential for synergistic antibacterial effect, but careful monitoring for nephrotoxicity is needed.
Calcium-containing solutions
Concomitant use is contraindicated, especially in neonates, due to precipitation risk.
Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase plasma concentration of ceftriaxone.
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Increased risk of bleeding due to enhanced anticoagulant effect.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic treatment should be given. Ceftriaxone cannot be reduced by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Gastric lavage is not indicated.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excreted in low concentrations in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or other cephalosporins
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any other type of beta-lactam antibacterial agent (e.g., penicillins)
- Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature neonates (due to risk of bilirubin encephalopathy)
- Neonates requiring calcium-containing intravenous solutions
Drug Interactions
Aminoglycosides
Potential for synergistic antibacterial effect, but careful monitoring for nephrotoxicity is needed.
Calcium-containing solutions
Concomitant use is contraindicated, especially in neonates, due to precipitation risk.
Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase plasma concentration of ceftriaxone.
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Increased risk of bleeding due to enhanced anticoagulant effect.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic treatment should be given. Ceftriaxone cannot be reduced by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Gastric lavage is not indicated.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excreted in low concentrations in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years when stored as per instructions. Reconstituted solution stable for specific hours at room temperature or refrigerated.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals, clinics
Approval Status
Approved by health authorities (e.g., DGDA in Bangladesh)
Patent Status
Generic (Patent expired for Ceftriaxone)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established ceftriaxone's efficacy and safety for various bacterial infections since its introduction. Ongoing research explores its use in emerging resistant strains.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete blood count (CBC) if prolonged treatment
- Liver and kidney function tests for prolonged use or in patients with pre-existing impairment
- Coagulation tests (e.g., PT/INR) if concomitant anticoagulant use
Doctor Notes
- Always inquire about penicillin/cephalosporin allergies before administration.
- Monitor for signs of C. difficile infection if diarrhea develops.
- Calcium-containing solutions are absolutely contraindicated, especially in neonates.
- Adjust dose in severe renal or hepatic impairment.
- Consider therapeutic drug monitoring in critical situations for optimal outcomes, though not routinely required.
Patient Guidelines
- Inform your doctor about any allergies, especially to penicillins or other antibiotics.
- Report any severe diarrhea or allergic reactions immediately.
- Complete the full course of treatment even if symptoms improve.
- Do not self-administer; it must be given by a healthcare professional.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, it should be administered as soon as remembered. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Ceftriaxone generally does not affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if side effects like dizziness occur, avoid such activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent further infections.
- Drink plenty of fluids unless advised otherwise by a doctor.
- Avoid alcohol during treatment as it may exacerbate side effects like nausea.
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