Ceftriaid
Generic Name
Ceftriaxone 1 gm Injection
Manufacturer
Generic Pharmaceutical Co.
Country
Global
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| ceftriaid 1 gm injection | ৳ 320.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including severe or hospital-acquired infections. It is administered via injection.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Usual adult dose is 1-2 gm once daily (IM or IV), or 0.5-1 gm every 12 hours. In severe cases, up to 4 gm daily may be given.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is required for elderly patients with normal renal and hepatic function. Adjust for severe renal or hepatic impairment.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment needed for mild to moderate renal impairment. For severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <10 mL/min), maximum 2 gm daily.
How to Take
For IM administration, reconstitute with lidocaine solution and inject deep into a large muscle. For IV administration, reconstitute with sterile water for injection and administer slowly over 30 minutes (infusion) or 2-4 minutes (bolus).
Mechanism of Action
Ceftriaxone inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid (within minutes of IV, within hours of IM).
Excretion
Approximately 50-60% via renal excretion and 40-50% via biliary/fecal excretion.
Half life
Approximately 6-9 hours (longer in neonates and elderly).
Absorption
Complete bioavailability after IM or IV administration.
Metabolism
Minimal hepatic metabolism; primarily excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature neonates (due to displacement of bilirubin from albumin).
- Concurrent IV administration with calcium-containing solutions in neonates (due to risk of precipitation).
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance anticoagulant effect, increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR.
Aminoglycosides
Synergistic effect against some organisms, but may increase risk of nephrotoxicity.
Calcium-containing solutions
Contraindicated in neonates; in older patients, avoid concurrent IV administration, flush lines between administrations.
Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase ceftriaxone levels.
Storage
Store powder for injection below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Reconstituted solutions should be used immediately or stored as per manufacturer's instructions (e.g., refrigerated for up to 24 hours).
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and convulsions. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective for removing ceftriaxone.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Ceftriaxone is excreted in breast milk in small amounts; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature neonates (due to displacement of bilirubin from albumin).
- Concurrent IV administration with calcium-containing solutions in neonates (due to risk of precipitation).
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance anticoagulant effect, increasing bleeding risk. Monitor INR.
Aminoglycosides
Synergistic effect against some organisms, but may increase risk of nephrotoxicity.
Calcium-containing solutions
Contraindicated in neonates; in older patients, avoid concurrent IV administration, flush lines between administrations.
Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase ceftriaxone levels.
Storage
Store powder for injection below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Reconstituted solutions should be used immediately or stored as per manufacturer's instructions (e.g., refrigerated for up to 24 hours).
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and convulsions. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective for removing ceftriaxone.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Ceftriaxone is excreted in breast milk in small amounts; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Usually 24-36 months when stored as recommended. Reconstituted solutions have limited stability.
Availability
Available in hospitals, clinics, and pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by FDA/DGDA
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ceftriaxone has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety across a broad range of bacterial infections. Ongoing research includes studies on its use in specific patient populations and for resistant strains.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) with differential, especially if treatment is prolonged.
- Renal function tests (e.g., BUN, creatinine) in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
- Liver function tests (e.g., ALT, AST) in patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment.
- Coagulation parameters (e.g., PT/INR) if co-administered with anticoagulants.
Doctor Notes
- Confirm bacterial infection before initiating therapy.
- Monitor for hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, especially during the first dose.
- Exercise caution when administering to neonates, particularly with hyperbilirubinemia or concurrent calcium therapy.
- Adjust dosage in patients with severe renal and/or hepatic impairment, though typically not needed for mild-to-moderate dysfunction.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment even if symptoms improve.
- Report any severe or persistent side effects to your doctor immediately.
- Do not share this medicine with others.
- Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as remembered. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Ceftriaxone generally does not affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or other side effects that impair concentration, avoid these activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Practice good hygiene to prevent further spread of infection.
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