Ceftriaid
Generic Name
Ceftriaxone 500 mg Injection
Manufacturer
Reputable Pharmaceutical Company
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| ceftriaid 500 mg injection | ৳ 200.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. It is administered as an injection.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical dose is 1-2 g once daily or 500 mg - 1 g every 12 hours, depending on the severity and type of infection. Max 4 g/day. For uncomplicated gonorrhea, a single 500 mg IM dose is common.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is usually required unless there is severe renal or hepatic impairment.
Renal_impairment
For severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <10 mL/min), dosage adjustment or careful monitoring may be necessary. Max 2 g/day for severe impairment.
How to Take
Administer intramuscularly (IM) into a large muscle or intravenously (IV) slowly over 30 minutes. Reconstitution with appropriate diluent (e.g., sterile water for injection for IV, lidocaine for IM). Do not mix with calcium-containing solutions.
Mechanism of Action
Ceftriaxone inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid (within minutes for IV, 2-3 hours for IM peak concentration).
Excretion
Approximately 50-60% excreted unchanged in bile and 35-40% via urine.
Half life
Approximately 5.8 to 8.7 hours (prolonged in neonates).
Absorption
Rapid and complete absorption after intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) administration. High bioavailability.
Metabolism
Minimal hepatic metabolism; primarily eliminated unchanged. Partially metabolized in the gut flora.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, penicillins, or any component of the formulation.
- Neonates (≤28 days) with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature infants.
- Concomitant use with calcium-containing IV solutions in neonates (≤28 days).
- Patients with severe liver or kidney impairment without dose adjustment.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. Close INR monitoring is advised.
Aminoglycosides
Although generally compatible, avoid mixing directly in the same syringe or infusion. Increased risk of nephrotoxicity in some cases.
Oral Contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives. Advise using additional barrier contraception.
Calcium-containing solutions
Do not co-administer with calcium-containing solutions, especially in neonates, due to precipitation risk.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light. Keep out of reach of children. Reconstituted solutions should be used immediately or stored for a short period as directed by the manufacturer.
Overdose
In case of overdose, discontinue the drug and provide supportive care. Ceftriaxone is not effectively removed by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of fetal harm, but adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women are lacking. Use only if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in low concentrations; use with caution during lactation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, penicillins, or any component of the formulation.
- Neonates (≤28 days) with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature infants.
- Concomitant use with calcium-containing IV solutions in neonates (≤28 days).
- Patients with severe liver or kidney impairment without dose adjustment.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. Close INR monitoring is advised.
Aminoglycosides
Although generally compatible, avoid mixing directly in the same syringe or infusion. Increased risk of nephrotoxicity in some cases.
Oral Contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives. Advise using additional barrier contraception.
Calcium-containing solutions
Do not co-administer with calcium-containing solutions, especially in neonates, due to precipitation risk.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light. Keep out of reach of children. Reconstituted solutions should be used immediately or stored for a short period as directed by the manufacturer.
Overdose
In case of overdose, discontinue the drug and provide supportive care. Ceftriaxone is not effectively removed by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of fetal harm, but adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women are lacking. Use only if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in low concentrations; use with caution during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 to 36 months when stored under recommended conditions in the original packaging.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Patent Expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ceftriaxone has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its broad-spectrum efficacy and safety in treating various bacterial infections in adults, children, and infants. Studies have validated its use in conditions like meningitis, pneumonia, and sepsis.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal and hepatic function tests (especially during prolonged therapy).
- Complete blood count (CBC) for prolonged treatment durations.
- Coagulation tests (e.g., PT/INR) in patients at risk of bleeding or receiving high doses.
Doctor Notes
- Culture and susceptibility testing should be performed before initiating therapy to determine the causative organism and its susceptibility to ceftriaxone.
- Patients should be monitored for signs of superinfection, especially during prolonged therapy.
- Caution should be exercised in patients with a history of severe hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics.
- Special attention is required for neonates regarding co-administration with calcium-containing solutions and hyperbilirubinemia.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed by your doctor, even if you feel better.
- Do not stop treatment early as it may lead to antibiotic resistance.
- Report any severe or persistent side effects (e.g., severe diarrhea, rash) to your doctor immediately.
- Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, contact your doctor or nurse for advice. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause dizziness or lightheadedness in some patients. Exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until you know how this medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration during treatment.
- Avoid alcohol consumption during antibiotic therapy as it may worsen side effects or mask symptoms.
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