Centradol
Generic Name
Tramadol Hydrochloride
Manufacturer
Acme Laboratories Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| centradol 50 mg tablet | ৳ 12.00 | ৳ 120.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Centradol 50 mg Tablet contains Tramadol Hydrochloride, a synthetic opioid analgesic used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain. It acts on the central nervous system to relieve pain.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initially 50 mg orally every 4-6 hours as needed. Max 400 mg/day. For chronic pain, may start with 25 mg once daily and titrate up.
Elderly
For patients over 75 years, maximum 300 mg/day. Consider extended dosing intervals.
Renal_impairment
For creatinine clearance <30 mL/min, 50-100 mg every 12 hours. Max 200 mg/day. Not recommended for severe impairment.
How to Take
Take orally with or without food. Swallow whole, do not crush or chew extended-release tablets.
Mechanism of Action
Tramadol is a centrally acting synthetic opioid analgesic. It binds to µ-opioid receptors in the central nervous system. It also inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, which contributes to its analgesic effect.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
30-60 minutes
Excretion
Mainly excreted renally (approximately 90%) as metabolites and unchanged drug; a small portion is excreted in feces.
Half life
Approximately 6-7 hours for tramadol and 7-9 hours for the active metabolite O-desmethyltramadol.
Absorption
Well absorbed after oral administration, bioavailability is approximately 75%.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver by N-demethylation and O-demethylation, mainly by CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 enzymes. O-desmethyltramadol (M1) is the only active metabolite.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to tramadol or any component of the formulation
- •Acute intoxication with alcohol, hypnotics, centrally acting analgesics, opioids, or psychotropic drugs
- •Patients receiving monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors or within 14 days of discontinuing such treatment
- •Severe respiratory depression
- •Uncontrolled epilepsy
Drug Interactions
MAO inhibitors
Risk of serotonin syndrome or opioid toxicity (contraindicated).
CYP2D6 inhibitors (e.g., quinidine, fluoxetine)
May decrease tramadol metabolism to its active metabolite, reducing efficacy.
CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., carbamazepine, rifampin)
May decrease tramadol plasma concentrations, reducing efficacy.
CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, benzodiazepines)
Increased risk of respiratory depression, sedation, coma, and death.
Serotonergic drugs (e.g., SSRIs, SNRIs, tricyclic antidepressants)
Increased risk of serotonin syndrome.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include miosis, vomiting, cardiovascular collapse, respiratory depression, coma, and seizures. Naloxone can reverse opioid effects, but may not fully reverse seizures. Gastric lavage and activated charcoal may be considered.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Prolonged use during pregnancy can lead to neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. Not recommended during breastfeeding as tramadol and its metabolites are excreted in breast milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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