Ciprofloxacin
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin 750 mg Tablet
Manufacturer
Various Manufacturers
Country
Global
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cip 750 mg tablet | ৳ 18.00 | ৳ 108.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. It is effective against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Usually 750 mg twice daily for severe or complicated infections, or as directed by physician. Duration varies by infection type and severity.
Elderly
Dosage should be adjusted based on renal function and overall health status. Generally, the same as adults unless renal impairment is present.
Renal_impairment
Dosage reduction is necessary for patients with impaired renal function (creatinine clearance <50 mL/min). Consult prescribing information for specific adjustments.
How to Take
Take the tablet whole with water, with or without food. Do not crush, chew, or break. Avoid taking with dairy products, calcium-fortified juices, or antacids within 2 hours before or 6 hours after.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin acts by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination, leading to bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1-2 hours (peak plasma concentration).
Excretion
Primarily renal (40-50% as unchanged drug, 15% as metabolites) and partly fecal.
Half life
Approximately 3-5 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration, with bioavailability around 70-80%.
Metabolism
Undergoes partial hepatic metabolism, forming four active metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones.
- Concomitant administration with tizanidine.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Potentiation of anticoagulant effect, increased bleeding risk.
Tizanidine
Concomitant use is contraindicated due to increased tizanidine plasma concentrations leading to hypotension and sedation.
Cyclosporine
Transient increases in serum creatinine.
Theophylline
Increased theophylline plasma concentrations and risk of toxicity.
Antacids, iron, zinc, sucralfate, dairy products
Reduced absorption of ciprofloxacin. Administer ciprofloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of acute overdose, reversible renal toxicity has been reported. Gastric emptying should be induced by vomiting or gastric lavage. The patient should be carefully observed and given supportive treatment. Adequate hydration should be maintained. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis remove only small amounts of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Ciprofloxacin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is excreted in human milk; therefore, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones.
- Concomitant administration with tizanidine.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Potentiation of anticoagulant effect, increased bleeding risk.
Tizanidine
Concomitant use is contraindicated due to increased tizanidine plasma concentrations leading to hypotension and sedation.
Cyclosporine
Transient increases in serum creatinine.
Theophylline
Increased theophylline plasma concentrations and risk of toxicity.
Antacids, iron, zinc, sucralfate, dairy products
Reduced absorption of ciprofloxacin. Administer ciprofloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of acute overdose, reversible renal toxicity has been reported. Gastric emptying should be induced by vomiting or gastric lavage. The patient should be carefully observed and given supportive treatment. Adequate hydration should be maintained. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis remove only small amounts of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Ciprofloxacin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is excreted in human milk; therefore, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture, depending on the manufacturer.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals worldwide
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ciprofloxacin has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety across various bacterial infections. Ongoing research continues to evaluate its role in emerging antimicrobial resistance.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (e.g., serum creatinine, BUN) in patients with renal impairment.
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST) if liver dysfunction is suspected.
- Complete blood count (CBC) during prolonged therapy.
- Prothrombin time/INR for patients on warfarin.
Doctor Notes
- Consider culture and susceptibility testing to guide therapy, especially in recurrent or complicated infections.
- Adjust dosage carefully in patients with renal impairment and monitor for adverse effects.
- Counsel patients on the Black Box Warning risks, including tendon issues and neurological events.
- Avoid concomitant use with tizanidine and monitor for interactions with other medications.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the entire course of medication, even if symptoms improve.
- Stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Avoid excessive exposure to direct sunlight or artificial UV light.
- Report any tendon pain, numbness, tingling, or unusual muscle weakness immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Ciprofloxacin may cause dizziness or lightheadedness, affecting the ability to drive or operate machinery. Patients should be advised to know how they react to ciprofloxacin before driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent reinfection.
- Follow a balanced diet and avoid self-medication.
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International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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