Cipronil
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin
Manufacturer
XYZ Pharmaceuticals
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cipronil 750 mg tablet | ৳ 18.12 | ৳ 72.49 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cipronil 750 mg tablet is an antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. It belongs to the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics, which work by stopping the growth of bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Dosage varies significantly based on the type and severity of infection. For uncomplicated UTIs: 250 mg every 12 hours. For severe or complicated infections: 500-750 mg every 12 hours. Consult a physician for specific dosage.
Elderly
Similar to adult dosage, but caution is advised due to potential age-related decrease in renal function. Dose adjustment may be necessary.
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment is required for patients with creatinine clearance < 50 mL/min. Typically, the dose is reduced and/or the dosing interval is extended.
How to Take
Take the tablet whole with a glass of water. It can be taken with or without food, but avoid taking it with dairy products (milk, yogurt) or calcium-fortified juices alone. It's best to take it at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after taking antacids, multivitamins containing iron or zinc, or sucralfate.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes necessary for DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Typically within 1-2 hours for antibacterial action.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine (40-50%) and to a lesser extent via feces (20-35%).
Half life
Approximately 3-5 hours in adults with normal renal function.
Absorption
Rapid and well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; absolute bioavailability is approximately 70%. Food delays absorption but does not significantly alter overall bioavailability.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver (10-20%) to four metabolites, which have some antimicrobial activity.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones.
- •Concomitant use with tizanidine.
- •History of tendon disorders related to fluoroquinolone use.
- •Not recommended for children and adolescents (under 18 years) except in specific circumstances (e.g., anthrax, cystic fibrosis exacerbations), due to risk of arthropathy.
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Concomitant use with NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen) may increase the risk of CNS stimulation and seizures.
Warfarin
Ciprofloxacin can enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Monitor INR/PT.
Phenytoin
Ciprofloxacin may alter phenytoin levels.
Tizanidine
Concomitant use is contraindicated due to increased tizanidine plasma concentrations, leading to hypotension and sedation.
Cyclosporine
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate levels.
Theophylline
Ciprofloxacin can increase theophylline plasma levels, leading to toxicity. Monitor theophylline levels.
Oral Hypoglycemics
Can cause disturbances in blood glucose, including hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia.
Antacids/Metal Ions
Aluminum-, magnesium-, calcium-containing antacids, sucralfate, iron or zinc supplements, dairy products can decrease ciprofloxacin absorption. Take ciprofloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after these.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Limited data on human overdose. Symptoms may include renal toxicity (crystalluria), headache, dizziness, confusion, seizures, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting. Management is supportive and symptomatic, including gastric emptying (emesis or gastric lavage) and adequate hydration to prevent crystalluria. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis remove only a small amount of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Consult a doctor. Ciprofloxacin is excreted into breast milk. Due to the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants (e.g., arthropathy), a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24-36 months, varies by manufacturer.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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