clofenac
Generic Name
Diclofenac Sodium 50 mg Tablet
Manufacturer
Example Pharmaceutical Manufacturer (e.g., Incepta Pharmaceuticals)
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| clofenac 50 mg tablet | ৳ 2.00 | ৳ 20.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain, inflammation, and fever. It effectively treats conditions like arthritis, muscle pain, and menstrual cramps.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Usually 50 mg 2 to 3 times daily. Maximum recommended daily dose is 150 mg. Should be taken with food.
Elderly
Lower doses should be considered; use with caution due to increased risk of adverse effects, particularly GI bleeding.
Renal_impairment
Use with caution. Dose reduction may be necessary in patients with mild to moderate renal impairment. Avoid in severe renal impairment.
How to Take
Take orally, preferably with or after food, to minimize gastrointestinal discomfort. Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water.
Mechanism of Action
Diclofenac works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which are responsible for the synthesis of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are mediators of pain, inflammation, and fever.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Approximately 30-60 minutes.
Excretion
Excreted primarily through the kidneys (approximately 60%) as metabolites and in the bile/feces (approximately 30-40%).
Half life
Terminal elimination half-life is approximately 1-2 hours for the parent compound.
Absorption
Rapidly and almost completely absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 2-3 hours. Undergoes significant first-pass metabolism.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver via hydroxylation and glucuronidation, mainly by CYP2C9, with minor contributions from CYP2C19 and CYP3A4.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to diclofenac, aspirin, or other NSAIDs
- Active gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulceration, or perforation
- Severe heart failure, severe renal or hepatic impairment
- Third trimester of pregnancy
- Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery (peri-operative pain)
Drug Interactions
SSRIs
Increased risk of GI bleeding.
Lithium
Increased plasma lithium levels, leading to toxicity.
Methotrexate
Increased plasma methotrexate levels, leading to toxicity.
Diuretics and ACE inhibitors
Reduced efficacy of diuretics and ACE inhibitors; increased risk of renal impairment.
Warfarin and other anticoagulants
Increased risk of bleeding.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include drowsiness, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Management involves symptomatic and supportive treatment. There is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Avoid in the third trimester of pregnancy due to potential for premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus and renal dysfunction. Use with caution in the first and second trimesters only if clearly needed and benefits outweigh risks. Diclofenac passes into breast milk in small amounts; generally not recommended during lactation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to diclofenac, aspirin, or other NSAIDs
- Active gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulceration, or perforation
- Severe heart failure, severe renal or hepatic impairment
- Third trimester of pregnancy
- Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery (peri-operative pain)
Drug Interactions
SSRIs
Increased risk of GI bleeding.
Lithium
Increased plasma lithium levels, leading to toxicity.
Methotrexate
Increased plasma methotrexate levels, leading to toxicity.
Diuretics and ACE inhibitors
Reduced efficacy of diuretics and ACE inhibitors; increased risk of renal impairment.
Warfarin and other anticoagulants
Increased risk of bleeding.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include drowsiness, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Management involves symptomatic and supportive treatment. There is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Avoid in the third trimester of pregnancy due to potential for premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus and renal dysfunction. Use with caution in the first and second trimesters only if clearly needed and benefits outweigh risks. Diclofenac passes into breast milk in small amounts; generally not recommended during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2-3 years from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities worldwide, including DGDA Bangladesh
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established diclofenac's efficacy and safety in various pain and inflammatory conditions, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute pain.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Liver function tests (LFTs)
- Renal function tests (urea, creatinine)
- Fecal occult blood test (for long-term use)
Doctor Notes
- Monitor renal and hepatic function, and blood pressure regularly, especially in elderly patients and those on long-term therapy.
- Assess cardiovascular risk factors before initiating therapy.
- Advise patients to report any gastrointestinal symptoms promptly.
- Consider co-administration of gastroprotective agents for high-risk patients.
Patient Guidelines
- Take with food or milk to reduce stomach upset.
- Do not exceed the prescribed dose or duration of treatment.
- Report any signs of gastrointestinal bleeding (e.g., black, tarry stools) to your doctor immediately.
- Avoid alcohol while taking this medicine.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
May cause dizziness, drowsiness, or visual disturbances. Patients should be cautious when driving or operating machinery until they know how diclofenac affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain adequate hydration.
- Limit alcohol consumption.
- Engage in regular, low-impact exercise if suffering from arthritis, as advised by a physician.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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