Cpzith
Generic Name
Azithromycin
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Description
Overview of the medicine
Cpzith is a macrolide antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For most infections: 500 mg as a single dose on day 1, followed by 250 mg once daily for 4 days. Alternatively, 500 mg once daily for 3 days. For uncomplicated Chlamydia trachomatis: 1g as a single oral dose.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is generally required in elderly patients, unless severe renal or hepatic impairment is present.
Renal_impairment
Mild to moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance > 10 mL/min): No dosage adjustment required. Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 10 mL/min): Use with caution, specific data is limited.
How to Take
Take orally with or without food. Extended-release formulations should be taken on an empty stomach.
Mechanism of Action
Azithromycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, thereby interfering with the translocation of peptides and inhibiting bacterial growth.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of action for symptomatic relief varies but generally within 2-3 hours.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in the bile; a small portion is excreted renally.
Half life
Long terminal elimination half-life of 2-4 days, allowing for once-daily dosing.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; bioavailability is approximately 37%. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved in 2-3 hours.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver, primarily via N-demethylation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to azithromycin, erythromycin, any macrolide or ketolide antibiotic, or to any component of the formulation.
- History of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with prior azithromycin use.
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
Increased serum digoxin levels, monitor digoxin levels.
Warfarin
Potentiation of anticoagulant effect, monitor INR.
Nelfinavir
Significant increase in azithromycin serum concentrations; no dosage adjustment for azithromycin is recommended, but monitor for side effects.
Antacids (aluminum and magnesium containing)
May decrease the peak plasma levels of azithromycin; administer azithromycin at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after antacids.
QT-prolonging drugs (e.g., Class IA and III antiarrhythmics, cisapride, terfenadine, antipsychotics)
Increased risk of QT prolongation and cardiac arrhythmias (e.g., Torsades de Pointes); avoid concomitant use.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose are typically an exaggeration of known side effects, including severe nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Management should involve symptomatic and supportive measures. Gastric lavage and general supportive measures may be indicated.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. However, use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Azithromycin is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to azithromycin, erythromycin, any macrolide or ketolide antibiotic, or to any component of the formulation.
- History of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with prior azithromycin use.
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
Increased serum digoxin levels, monitor digoxin levels.
Warfarin
Potentiation of anticoagulant effect, monitor INR.
Nelfinavir
Significant increase in azithromycin serum concentrations; no dosage adjustment for azithromycin is recommended, but monitor for side effects.
Antacids (aluminum and magnesium containing)
May decrease the peak plasma levels of azithromycin; administer azithromycin at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after antacids.
QT-prolonging drugs (e.g., Class IA and III antiarrhythmics, cisapride, terfenadine, antipsychotics)
Increased risk of QT prolongation and cardiac arrhythmias (e.g., Torsades de Pointes); avoid concomitant use.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose are typically an exaggeration of known side effects, including severe nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Management should involve symptomatic and supportive measures. Gastric lavage and general supportive measures may be indicated.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. However, use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Azithromycin is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2-3 years from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
FDA Approved, DGDA Approved
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ongoing clinical trials explore new indications, formulations, and address antibiotic resistance patterns of azithromycin. Studies also investigate its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (LFTs) in patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment or during prolonged therapy.
- ECG monitoring in patients at risk for QT prolongation (e.g., with known cardiac disease, electrolyte disturbances, or concomitant QT-prolonging medications).
Doctor Notes
- Always inquire about patient's cardiac history, especially regarding QT prolongation, before prescribing.
- Educate patients on the importance of completing the full course to minimize resistance.
- Be vigilant for signs of *Clostridioides difficile* infection (e.g., persistent diarrhea) during and after treatment.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the entire course of medication even if symptoms improve to prevent recurrence and resistance.
- Do not share this medication with others, even if they have similar symptoms.
- Report any severe or persistent side effects to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
May cause dizziness or drowsiness in some individuals. Exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until you know how the medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good personal hygiene to prevent the spread of infection.
- Avoid alcohol consumption if you experience gastrointestinal upset from the medicine.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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