Dexamin
Generic Name
Dexamethasone
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| dexamin 05 mg tablet | ৳ 1.00 | ৳ 10.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Dexamethasone is a potent synthetic corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant properties. It is used to treat a wide range of conditions, including allergic disorders, skin conditions, ulcerative colitis, arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, and breathing disorders.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose 0.5-9 mg daily, divided into 2-4 doses, adjusted according to response. For severe cases, up to 10-15 mg/day.
Elderly
Similar to adults, but with caution due to increased risk of side effects and comorbidities. Lower doses may be appropriate.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment required; however, monitor carefully.
How to Take
Oral. Take with food or milk to minimize gastrointestinal upset. Swallow whole with water.
Mechanism of Action
Dexamethasone binds to glucocorticoid receptors in the cytoplasm, forming a complex that translocates to the nucleus. This complex then modulates gene expression, leading to the synthesis of anti-inflammatory proteins (e.g., lipocortin-1) and inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators (e.g., cytokines, prostaglandins, leukotrienes).
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within hours to days depending on condition.
Excretion
Primarily renal (urine) as inactive metabolites.
Half life
Plasma half-life 3-4 hours; biological half-life 18-54 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the GI tract. Peak plasma concentrations reached within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic, mainly by 6β-hydroxylation.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Systemic fungal infections
- Hypersensitivity to dexamethasone or any component
- Live virus vaccines during corticosteroid therapy
- Untreated systemic infection
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration.
Warfarin
May alter anticoagulant effects (monitor INR).
Diuretics (thiazide, loop)
Increased risk of hypokalemia.
Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Rifampin
May decrease dexamethasone levels.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms may include Cushing's syndrome features (moon face, buffalo hump), muscle weakness, osteoporosis, peptic ulcer, edema. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive; gradual withdrawal is crucial after chronic overdose.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Use in pregnancy only if potential benefit outweighs risk; may cause fetal harm. Excreted in breast milk, caution advised.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Systemic fungal infections
- Hypersensitivity to dexamethasone or any component
- Live virus vaccines during corticosteroid therapy
- Untreated systemic infection
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration.
Warfarin
May alter anticoagulant effects (monitor INR).
Diuretics (thiazide, loop)
Increased risk of hypokalemia.
Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Rifampin
May decrease dexamethasone levels.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms may include Cushing's syndrome features (moon face, buffalo hump), muscle weakness, osteoporosis, peptic ulcer, edema. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive; gradual withdrawal is crucial after chronic overdose.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Use in pregnancy only if potential benefit outweighs risk; may cause fetal harm. Excreted in breast milk, caution advised.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24-36 months from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensively studied for various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, including the RECOVERY trial for COVID-19.
Lab Monitoring
- Blood glucose levels
- Electrolyte levels (especially potassium)
- Blood pressure
- Bone mineral density (with long-term use)
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize gradual tapering to prevent adrenal crisis.
- Monitor for signs of infection, especially in immunocompromised patients.
- Counsel patients on potential mood changes and insomnia.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not stop taking abruptly; taper off as directed by your doctor.
- Report any signs of infection immediately.
- Monitor blood sugar and blood pressure regularly if advised.
- Avoid contact with people who have infections like chickenpox or measles.
Missed Dose Advice
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause dizziness or vision changes. Avoid driving or operating machinery if affected.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D.
- Engage in regular, moderate exercise to support bone health.
- Avoid excessive alcohol consumption.
- Manage stress effectively.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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