Dextrose
Generic Name
dextrose-5-injection
Manufacturer
Various Manufacturers
Country
Global
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| dextrose 5 injection | ৳ 71.08 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Dextrose 5% Injection is a sterile solution containing 5 grams of dextrose (glucose) per 100 mL of water, used for fluid replacement and as a source of calories.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Dosage depends on patient's age, weight, clinical condition, and fluid/glucose requirements. Typically, 500 mL to 1000 mL infused over several hours.
Elderly
Similar to adults, but cautious monitoring of fluid balance and electrolytes is recommended due to potential renal or cardiac impairment.
Renal_impairment
Use with caution; careful monitoring of fluid and electrolyte balance is crucial to prevent fluid overload and electrolyte disturbances.
How to Take
Administered intravenously, usually through a peripheral or central vein, at a rate determined by the physician based on patient needs.
Mechanism of Action
Provides calories and helps maintain fluid and electrolyte balance. Dextrose is readily metabolized, serving as a primary energy source for cells.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Immediate
Excretion
Not excreted directly; its metabolites (CO2 and water) are excreted via lungs and kidneys.
Half life
Variable, depending on metabolic rate; typically rapidly utilized.
Absorption
Administered intravenously, so absorption is immediate.
Metabolism
Metabolized to carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy, or converted to glycogen for storage.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Diabetic coma (unless blood sugar is very low)
- Anuria (absence of urine formation)
- Intracranial or intraspinal hemorrhage
- Severe dehydration (without electrolytes)
- Known allergy to corn or corn products (dextrose is often derived from corn)
Drug Interactions
Insulin
Dextrose can increase blood glucose, requiring adjustment of insulin dosage.
Corticosteroids
May increase blood glucose levels, potentially requiring higher doses of dextrose or adjustment of corticosteroid dosage.
Storage
Store at room temperature (20-25°C), away from extreme heat or freezing. Do not refrigerate. Protect from light.
Overdose
Symptoms include hyperglycemia, glucosuria, fluid overload (edema, pulmonary congestion), and electrolyte disturbances. Management involves discontinuing the infusion, administering insulin if hyperglycemia is severe, and managing fluid/electrolyte imbalances.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Generally considered safe for use during pregnancy and lactation when clinically indicated and administered appropriately to correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances or provide nutritional support.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Diabetic coma (unless blood sugar is very low)
- Anuria (absence of urine formation)
- Intracranial or intraspinal hemorrhage
- Severe dehydration (without electrolytes)
- Known allergy to corn or corn products (dextrose is often derived from corn)
Drug Interactions
Insulin
Dextrose can increase blood glucose, requiring adjustment of insulin dosage.
Corticosteroids
May increase blood glucose levels, potentially requiring higher doses of dextrose or adjustment of corticosteroid dosage.
Storage
Store at room temperature (20-25°C), away from extreme heat or freezing. Do not refrigerate. Protect from light.
Overdose
Symptoms include hyperglycemia, glucosuria, fluid overload (edema, pulmonary congestion), and electrolyte disturbances. Management involves discontinuing the infusion, administering insulin if hyperglycemia is severe, and managing fluid/electrolyte imbalances.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Generally considered safe for use during pregnancy and lactation when clinically indicated and administered appropriately to correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances or provide nutritional support.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years when stored properly.
Availability
Hospitals, Clinics, Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA)
Patent Status
Generic/Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
As a basic solution, specific large-scale clinical trials are less common; its efficacy and safety are well-established through extensive clinical use over decades.
Lab Monitoring
- Blood glucose levels
- Serum electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl-)
- Fluid balance (intake/output)
- Renal function tests
Doctor Notes
- Careful monitoring of blood glucose and electrolytes is essential, especially in pediatric, elderly, diabetic, and critically ill patients.
- Assess for signs of fluid overload or dehydration regularly.
- Administer cautiously in patients with renal or cardiac impairment.
Patient Guidelines
- Report any discomfort or pain at the injection site immediately.
- Inform healthcare provider about any history of diabetes or corn allergies.
- Understand the purpose of the infusion.
Missed Dose Advice
Not applicable for continuously administered IV solutions in a hospital setting. Administration is typically continuous or scheduled by a healthcare professional.
Driving Precautions
Not applicable as it's administered in a medical setting, typically for acute conditions.
Lifestyle Advice
- Not directly applicable for an acute IV solution; however, underlying dietary and fluid intake habits are important for long-term health.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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