Adults

For migraine: Take 10 mg orally at the first sign of a migraine attack. If symptoms recur or a satisfactory response is not achieved, a second dose may be taken after at least 2 hours. Do not exceed 2 doses (20 mg total) in 24 hours. The typical oral doses are 25 mg, 50 mg or 100 mg; a 10 mg tablet would be considered a low dose and specific medical advice should be followed.

Elderly

Use with caution due to potential age-related decrease in renal or hepatic function and increased risk of cardiovascular events. Dosage adjustments may be considered based on individual response and tolerability.

Renal_impairment

No specific dose adjustment is generally required, but use with caution in patients with severe renal impairment due to limited experience.

Onset

Oral: Effects typically begin within 30-60 minutes.

Excretion

Primarily renal (60% as inactive metabolite, 20% unchanged). Also excreted in feces.

Half life

Approximately 2-2.5 hours.

Absorption

Rapidly absorbed after oral administration. Bioavailability is about 15% due to first-pass metabolism.

Metabolism

Primarily hepatic, via monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) enzyme to an inactive indole acetic acid metabolite.

SSRIs/SNRIs

Potential for serotonin syndrome (agitation, hallucinations, rapid heart rate, fever, incoordination, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea). Use with caution, monitor for symptoms.

MAO Inhibitors

Concomitant use is contraindicated, as MAO-A inhibitors reduce sumatriptan clearance, leading to increased plasma levels and risk of toxicity. Do not use within 2 weeks of stopping MAO inhibitors.

Other Triptans

Concomitant use or use within 24 hours of another triptan is contraindicated due to potential for additive cardiovascular effects.

Ergotamine-containing drugs

Concomitant use or use within 24 hours is contraindicated due to additive prolonged vasoconstrictor effects.