Kacin
Generic Name
Amikacin 100 mg Injection
Manufacturer
Example: Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| kacin 100 mg injection | ৳ 20.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Kacin 100 mg Injection contains Amikacin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, used to treat a wide range of severe bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to other antibiotics. It is effective against respiratory tract infections, bone and joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, urinary tract infections, and sepsis.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical dose: 15 mg/kg/day, administered as a single daily dose or in equally divided doses (e.g., 7.5 mg/kg every 12 hours) via IM or IV infusion. Maximum daily dose should not exceed 1.5 g.
Elderly
Dosage should be carefully adjusted based on renal function, often requiring lower doses or extended dosing intervals.
Renal_impairment
Significant dose reduction or extension of dosing interval is required. Dosage must be guided by serum creatinine levels, creatinine clearance, and ideally, serum amikacin levels.
How to Take
Kacin 100 mg Injection can be administered via intramuscular (IM) injection or by intravenous (IV) infusion. For IV infusion, the dose should be diluted in 100-200 mL of a suitable sterile diluent (e.g., 0.9% sodium chloride, 5% dextrose) and infused over 30-60 minutes. IM injections should be given deep into a large muscle mass.
Mechanism of Action
Amikacin works by irreversibly binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. This leads to the production of faulty proteins and ultimately results in bacterial cell death, exhibiting a bactericidal effect.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, within minutes after IV infusion, within an hour after IM injection.
Excretion
Primarily excreted by glomerular filtration into the urine, with most of the dose eliminated within 24 hours in patients with normal renal function.
Half life
Approximately 2-4 hours in adults with normal renal function. Significantly prolonged in patients with renal impairment.
Absorption
Not significantly absorbed orally. Rapidly and completely absorbed after intramuscular (IM) injection, reaching peak serum concentrations within 1 hour. Intravenous (IV) infusion achieves immediate peak levels.
Metabolism
Minimal metabolism; approximately 90-98% of the dose is excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Known hypersensitivity to amikacin or any other aminoglycoside.
- •Patients with myasthenia gravis (relative contraindication due to potential for neuromuscular blockade).
Drug Interactions
Polymyxins
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
Increased risk of ototoxicity.
Cephalosporins (e.g., Cephaloridine)
Increased nephrotoxicity (though less common with current cephalosporins).
Neuromuscular blocking agents (e.g., Succinylcholine)
Enhanced and prolonged neuromuscular blockade.
Other nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., Amphotericin B, Cisplatin, Cyclosporine, Vancomycin, NSAIDs)
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Storage
Store at controlled room temperature (20-25°C), excursions permitted to 15-30°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity (vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss), and neuromuscular blockade (respiratory depression, paralysis). In case of overdose, discontinue the drug, provide supportive care, and ensure adequate hydration. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may aid in the removal of amikacin from the blood.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category D: Amikacin can cause fetal harm, including congenital deafness, if administered to pregnant women. It crosses the placental barrier. Lactation: Amikacin is excreted in breast milk in small amounts. Use with caution in nursing mothers, and monitor the infant for gastrointestinal disturbances or candidiasis.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Generally 2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture when stored under recommended conditions.
Availability
Available in hospitals and pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies globally
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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