Kilpro
Generic Name
Metronidazole + Norfloxacin
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
---|---|---|
kilpro 400 mg tablet | ৳ 1.50 | ৳ 15.00 |
kilpro 500 mg injection | ৳ 75.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Kilpro is a combination antibiotic used to treat various bacterial and parasitic infections. It contains Metronidazole, an antiprotozoal and antibacterial agent, and Norfloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
One tablet twice daily for 3-7 days, or as directed by physician.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is usually required, but caution is advised in patients with impaired renal function.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment may be necessary. Consult a physician.
How to Take
Oral administration. Take with a glass of water, preferably on an empty stomach or at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. Do not crush or chew the tablet.
Mechanism of Action
Metronidazole works by disrupting DNA synthesis in anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, essential enzymes for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination, leading to bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1-2 hours for both components.
Excretion
Metronidazole and its metabolites are primarily excreted in urine. Norfloxacin is excreted both renally (30-40% unchanged) and non-renally.
Half life
Metronidazole: 6-8 hours; Norfloxacin: 3-4 hours.
Absorption
Metronidazole is well absorbed orally. Norfloxacin is moderately absorbed (30-40%) from the gastrointestinal tract.
Metabolism
Metronidazole is extensively metabolized in the liver. Norfloxacin is minimally metabolized in the liver.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Metronidazole, Norfloxacin, or other quinolones
- History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with fluoroquinolone use
- Pregnancy (first trimester) and lactation
- Patients with epilepsy or other CNS disorders
Drug Interactions
Alcohol
Disulfiram-like reaction with Metronidazole
Warfarin
Increased anticoagulant effect
Cimetidine
May increase Metronidazole plasma levels
Theophylline
Norfloxacin may increase Theophylline levels
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendon rupture with Norfloxacin
Phenobarbital/Phenytoin
May decrease Metronidazole plasma levels
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal upset, ataxia, convulsions, or peripheral neuropathy. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive; there is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Metronidazole is contraindicated in the first trimester of pregnancy and should be used with caution in later trimesters. Norfloxacin is generally not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks to fetal development, especially cartilage damage. Both drugs are excreted in breast milk; therefore, use is generally contraindicated during lactation. Consult a doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Metronidazole, Norfloxacin, or other quinolones
- History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with fluoroquinolone use
- Pregnancy (first trimester) and lactation
- Patients with epilepsy or other CNS disorders
Drug Interactions
Alcohol
Disulfiram-like reaction with Metronidazole
Warfarin
Increased anticoagulant effect
Cimetidine
May increase Metronidazole plasma levels
Theophylline
Norfloxacin may increase Theophylline levels
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendon rupture with Norfloxacin
Phenobarbital/Phenytoin
May decrease Metronidazole plasma levels
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal upset, ataxia, convulsions, or peripheral neuropathy. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive; there is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Metronidazole is contraindicated in the first trimester of pregnancy and should be used with caution in later trimesters. Norfloxacin is generally not recommended during pregnancy due to potential risks to fetal development, especially cartilage damage. Both drugs are excreted in breast milk; therefore, use is generally contraindicated during lactation. Consult a doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 months from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in all pharmacies and drugstores in Bangladesh
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Studies have shown the combination of Metronidazole and Norfloxacin to be effective in treating mixed bacterial and protozoal infections, particularly in gastrointestinal conditions.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (periodically with prolonged use)
- Renal function tests (in patients with renal impairment)
- Complete blood count (in patients receiving prolonged high doses)
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of completing the full course to prevent resistance.
- Advise patients about the potential for tendon-related adverse effects and alcohol interaction.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve.
- Do not consume alcohol during treatment and for at least 48 hours after stopping Metronidazole.
- Stay well hydrated.
- Avoid excessive sun exposure due to photosensitivity with Norfloxacin.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Kilpro may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or visual disturbances. Patients should be advised to exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until they know how the medication affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent recurrence of infections.
- Eat a balanced diet.
- Avoid self-medication.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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